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It has been suggested that 1963 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since September 2018.

Southeast Asian Games

The Southeast Asian Games Federation logo
Abbreviation	SEA Games
First event	1959 SEAP Games in Bangkok, Thailand
Occur every	2 years (Every odd year)
Last event	2017 SEA Games in Malaysia
Purpose	Multi sport event for nations on the Southeast Asian subcontinent
Headquarters	Bangkok, Thailand
President	Charouck Arirachakaran
Website	www.seagfoffice.org

The Southeast Asian Games, also known as the SEA Games, is a biennial multi-sport event involving participants from the current 11 countries of Southeast Asia. The games is under regulation of the Southeast Asian Games Federation with supervision by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Olympic Council of Asia.

History

The Southeast Asian Games owes its origins to the South East Asian Peninsula Games or SEAP Games. On 22 May 1958, delegates from the countries in Southeast Asian Peninsula attending the Asian Games in Tokyo, Japan had a meeting and agreed to establish a sport organisation. The SEAP Games was conceptualised by Luang Sukhum Nayaoradit, then Vice-President of the Thailand Olympic Committee. The proposed rationale was that a regional sports event will help promote co-operation, understanding and relations among countries in the Southeast Asian region.

Six countries, Burma (now Myanmar), Kampuchea (now Cambodia), Laos, Malaya (now Malaysia), Thailand and Vietnam were the founding members. These countries agreed to hold the Games biennially in June 1959 and SEAP Games Federation Committee was formed thereafter.^[1]

The first SEAP Games were held in Bangkok from 12–17 December 1959 comprising more than 527 athletes and officials from Thailand, Burma, Malaya (now Malaysia), Singapore, South Vietnam and Laos participating in 12 sports.

At the 8th SEAP Games in 1975, the SEAP Federation considered the inclusion of Brunei, Indonesia and the Philippines. These countries were formally admitted in 1977, the same year when SEAP Federation changed their name to Southeast Asian Games Federation (SEAGF), and the games were known as the Southeast Asian Games. East Timor was admitted at the 22nd Southeast Asian Games in Vietnam.

The 2009 Southeast Asian Games was the first time Laos has ever hosted a Southeast Asian Games (Laos had previously declined hosting the 1965 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games citing financial difficulties). Running from 9–18 December, it has also commemorated the 50 years of the Southeast Asian Games, held in Vientiane, Laos.

Logo

The Southeast Asian Games logo was introduced during the 1959 edition in Bangkok, depicting six rings that represent the six founding members and was used until the 1997 edition in Jakarta. The number of rings increased to 10 during the 1999 edition in Brunei to reflect the inclusion of Singapore which was admitted into the Southeast Asian Games Federation in 1961 and Brunei, Indonesia, and the Philippines which joined the organisation in 1977. The number of rings was added again to 11 during the 2011 games in Indonesia to reflect the federation's newest member, East Timor which was admitted in 2003.

Participating NOCs

NOC Names	Formal Names	Debuted	IOC code	Other codes used
Brunei	Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace	1977	BRU	BRN (ISO)
Cambodia	Kingdom of Cambodia	1961	CAM	KHM (1972–1976, ISO)
Indonesia	Republic of Indonesia	1977	INA	IHO (1952), IDN (FIFA, ISO)
Laos	Lao People's Democratic Republic	1959	LAO
Malaysia	Federation of Malaysia	1959	MAS	MAL (1952 − 1988), MYS (ISO)
Myanmar	Republic of the Union of Myanmar	1959	MYA	BIR (1948 – 1988), MMR (ISO)
Philippines	Republic of the Philippines	1977	PHI	PHL (ISO, FIBA)
Singapore	Republic of Singapore	1959	SGP	SIN (1959 – 2016)
Thailand	Kingdom of Thailand	1959	THA
Timor-Leste	Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste	2003	TLS	IOA (2000)
Vietnam	Socialist Republic of Vietnam	1959	VIE	VET (1964), VNM (1968–1976, ISO)

Host nations and cities

Since the Southeast Asian Games began in 1959, it has been held in 15 cities across all Southeast Asian countries except Cambodia and East Timor.

1959, 1967, 1975, 1985

1961, 1969

1965, 1971, 1977, 1989, 2001, 2017

1973, 1983, 1993, 2015

1979, 1987, 1997, 2011

1981, 1991, 2005, 2019

1995

1999

2003, 2021

2003

2007

2009

2011

2013

2017

2019

2023

Location of the Southeast Asian Games host

Games	Year	Host Nation	Host City	Opened by	Date	Sports	Events	Nations	Competitors	Top Nation	Ref
Southeast Asian Peninsular Games
I	1959	Thailand	Bangkok	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	12–17 December	12	N/A	6	518	Thailand (THA)	[1]
II	1961	Burma	Yangon	President Win Maung	11–16 December	13	N/A	7	623	Burma (BIR)	[2]
1963		Awarded to Cambodia, cancelled due to domestic political situation
III	1965	Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur	King Ismail Nasiruddin	14–21 December	14	N/A	6	963	Thailand (THA)	[3]
IV	1967	Thailand	Bangkok	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	9–16 December	16	N/A	6	984	Thailand (THA)	[4]
V	1969	Burma	Yangon	President Ne Win	6–13 December	15	N/A	6	920	Burma (BIR)	[5]
VI	1971	Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur	King Abdul Halim	6–13 December	15	N/A	7	957	Thailand (THA)	[6]
VII	1973	Singapore	Singapore	President Benjamin Sheares	1–8 September	16	N/A	7	1632	Thailand (THA)	[7]
VIII	1975	Thailand	Bangkok	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	9–16 December	18	N/A	4	1142	Thailand (THA)	[8]
Southeast Asian Games
IX	1977	Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur	King Yahya Petra	19–26 November	18	N/A	7	N/A	Indonesia (INA)	[9]
X	1979	Indonesia	Jakarta	President Suharto	21–30 September	18	N/A	7	N/A	Indonesia (INA)	[10]
XI	1981	Philippines	Manila	President Ferdinand Marcos	6–15 December	18	N/A	7	≈1800	Indonesia (INA)	[11]
XII	1983	Singapore	Singapore	President Devan Nair	28 May – 6 June	18	N/A	8	N/A	Indonesia (INA)	[12]
XIII	1985	Thailand	Bangkok	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	8–17 December	18	N/A	8	N/A	Thailand (THA)	[13]
XIV	1987	Indonesia	Jakarta	President Suharto	9–20 September	26	N/A	8	N/A	Indonesia (INA)	[14]
XV	1989	Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur	King Azlan Shah	20–31 August	24	N/A	9	≈2800	Indonesia (INA)	[15]
XVI	1991	Philippines	Manila	President Corazon Aquino	24 November – 3 December	28	N/A	9	N/A	Indonesia (INA)	[16]
XVII	1993	Singapore	Singapore	President Wee Kim Wee	12–20 June	29	N/A	9	≈3000	Indonesia (INA)	[17]
XVIII	1995	Thailand	Chiang Mai	Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn	9–17 December	28	N/A	10	3262	Thailand (THA)	[18]
XIX	1997	Indonesia	Jakarta	President Suharto	11–19 October	36	490	10	5179	Indonesia (INA)	[19]
XX	1999	Brunei Darussalam	Bandar Seri Begawan	Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah	7–15 August	21	233	10	2365	Thailand (THA)	[20]
XXI	2001	Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur	King Salahuddin	8–17 September	32	391	10	4165	Malaysia (MAS)	[21]
XXII	2003	Vietnam	Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City	Prime Minister Phan Văn Khải	5–13 December	32	442	11	≈5000	Vietnam (VIE)	[22]
XXIII	2005	Philippines	Manila	President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo	27 November – 5 December	40	443	11	5336	Philippines (PHI)	[23]
XXIV	2007	Thailand	Nakhon Ratchasima	Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn	6–15 December	43	475	11	5282	Thailand (THA)	[24]
XXV	2009	Laos	Vientiane	President Choummaly Sayasone	9–18 December	29	372	11	3100	Thailand (THA)	[25]
XXVI	2011	Indonesia	Jakarta and Palembang	President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono	11–22 November	44	545	11	4965	Indonesia (INA)	[26]
XXVII	2013	Myanmar	Naypyidaw	Vice President Nyan Tun	11–22 December	37	460	11	4730	Thailand (THA)	[27]
XXVIII	2015	Singapore	Singapore	President Tony Tan	5–16 June	36	402	11	4370	Thailand (THA)	[28]
XXIX	2017	Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur	King Muhammad V	19–30 August	38	404	11	4709	Malaysia (MAS)	[29]
XXX	2019	Philippines	Various	President Rodrigo Duterte	30 November – 10 December	56	529	11		Future event
XXXI	2021	Vietnam	Hanoi	Future event
XXXII	2023	Cambodia	Phnom Penh	Future event
XXXIII	2025	Thailand	TBA	Future event

Sports

According to the SEAGF Charter and Rules, a host nation must stage a minimum of 22 sports: the two compulsory sports from Category 1 (athletics and aquatics), in addition to a minimum of 14 sports from Category 2, and a maximum of 8 sports from Category 3 (shaded grey in the table below). Each sport shall not offer more than 5% of the total medal tally, except for athletics, aquatics, and shooting. For each sport and event to be included, a minimum of four countries must participate in it. Sports competed in the Olympic Games and Asian Games must be given priority.^[1][2]

All-time medal table

Corrected after balancing the data of the Olympic Council of Asia and other archived sites which had kept the previous Southeast Asian Games medal tables. Some information from the aforementioned sites are missing, incorrect and or not updated.^{[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]}

As of the end of 2017 Southeast Asian Games (not yet included changes in medal standings due to doping cases during the 2017 games)

All-time Southeast Asian Games medal table

Rank	NOC	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Thailand (THA)	2162	1827	1821	5810
2	Indonesia (INA)	1752	1620	1669	5041
3	Malaysia (MAS)[1]	1248	1215	1614	4077
4	Philippines (PHI)	918	1076	1357	3351
5	Singapore (SGP)	894	956	1294	3144
6	Vietnam (VIE)[4]	830	782	886	2498
7	Myanmar (MYA)[5]	560	723	941	2224
8	Laos (LAO)	68	88	291	447
9	Cambodia (CAM)[3]	65	109	222	396
10	Brunei (BRU)	12	50	157	219
11	East Timor (TLS)	3	5	21	29
Totals (11 NOCs)		8512	8451	10273	27236

• 
  ^[1] – Competed as Malaya in the inaugural games until 1961.


• 
  ^[2] – The Republic of Vietnam was dissolved in July 1976 when it merged with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) to become the Socialist Republic of Vietnam also known as Vietnam. Therefore, the medal counts for this country are considered to be as until 1975. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is not using codes for South Vietnam any more after unifying with North Vietnam.


• 
  ^[3] –Competed as Cambodia, Kampuchea, and Khmer Republic.


• 
  ^[4] –In the 1989 edition, a unified Vietnam rejoined the games with new name and new flag. Medals made by South Vietnam are already combined here.


• ^[5] –Competed as Burma until 1987.

Criticism

The games is unique in that there are no official limits to the number of sports which may be contested, and the range may be decided by the organising host pending approval by the Southeast Asian Games Federation. Albeit for some core sports which must be featured, the host is also free to drop or introduce other sports.

This leeway has resulted in hosts maximising their medal hauls by dropping sports which are disadvantages to themselves relative to their peers, and the introduction of obscure sports, often at short notice, thus preventing most other nations from building up credible opponents. Some examples of these include:

• At the 2001 Southeast Asian Games, Malaysia introduced pétanque, and netball.


• At the 2003 Southeast Asian Games, Vietnam added fin swimming, shuttlecock, and added wushu event to 28 golds from 16 in 2001.


• In the 2005 Southeast Asian Games, the Philippines added arnis, a demonstration sport in 2003, with 6 sets of medals and it won 3 gold medals. Also added were Baseball, Dancesport and Softball events.


• At the 2007 Southeast Asian Games, Thailand added some new categories of sepak takraw and used a new kind of ball that had been used by their athletes for a year while other countries had never used it before. Futsal was also added. Thailand won nearly all sets of medal from that discipline.^[10]
  


• In the 2011 Southeast Asian Games, Indonesia dropped the team events in table tennis and shrunk the shooting events to just 14 golds from 19 in 2009 and 33 in 2007. At the same time, bridge, kenpō, paragliding, vovinam and wall climbing were introduced.


• In the 2013 Southeast Asian Games, Myanmar introduced local sports Chinlone. The host went on to win 6 out of 8 gold medals in the event. Sittuyin, a traditional Burmese chess which other competing nations were not familiar was included as a traditional chess number along with common chess competition number.^[11]
  


• 
  Floorball was demonstrated by Singapore in the 2013 Southeast Asian Games and then was officially added in the 2015 Southeast Asian Games.


• In the 2017 Southeast Asian Games, Malaysia introduced cricket, indoor hockey and three winter olympics sports namely figure skating, short track speed skating and ice hockey.^[12]
  

See also

References

External links

• Olympic Council of Asia Regional Hosting List


• SEA Games Federation


• Medal Tally 1959-1995


• Medal Tally


• History of the SEA Games


• SEA Games previous medal table


• SEA Games members