Longnan





Prefecture-level city in Gansu, People's Republic of China


























































Longnan


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陇南市

Prefecture-level city
鸡峰山国家森林公园.jpg

Location of Longnan City jurisdiction in Gansu
Location of Longnan City jurisdiction in Gansu

Coordinates: 33°24′N 104°55′E / 33.400°N 104.917°E / 33.400; 104.917
Country People's Republic of China
Province Gansu
Municipal seat Wudu District
Area

 • Total 27,000 km2 (10,000 sq mi)
Population
(2010)[1]

 • Total 2,567,718
 • Density 95/km2 (250/sq mi)
Time zone
UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
742500
Area code(s) 0939
ISO 3166 code CN-GS-12
Licence plate prefixes 甘K
Website www.longnan.gov.cn

Longnan (Chinese: trad.隴南, simp.陇南, Lǒngnán, lit. "Southern Gansu"[2]) is a prefecture-level city in the southeast of Gansu province in China. It borders Sichuan on its south and Shaanxi on its east.




Contents






  • 1 Geography and climate


  • 2 History


  • 3 Administration


  • 4 Economy


  • 5 Transportation


  • 6 Flora and fauna


  • 7 Notes


  • 8 External links





Geography and climate


Longnan is in southern Gansu province bordering Shaanxi in the east and Sichuan in the south. It is called Gansu's southern gateway and gateway to the northwest. The major geographic features in Longnan are the Qinba Mountains in the east, the Loess Plateau in the north, and the Tibetan Plateau in the west. It is part of the Central Han basin in the east and the Sichuan basin in the south. Elevations range from 800 to 4,200 m (2,620 to 13,780 ft) above sea level. The three major rivers in Longnan are the Bailong, the Baishui, and the Jialing. Besides these major rivers there are more than 3800 streams and creeks. The annual flow from all of these rivers and streams is more than 28 billion m3. The area of the prefecture is 27,000 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi).


Longnan has a temperate, monsoon-influenced semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk/BSh, depending on the source definition), with cool and very dry winters and hot, moderately humid summers. Due to the protected valley location and the southerly location in the province, the area is one of the warmest in Gansu, with annual temperatures ranging from 10 to 15 °C (50 to 59 °F). The annual precipitation is 400 to 1,000 mm (16 to 39 in), while there are between 160 to 280 frost free days. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 34% in September and October to 53% in December, the city receives 1,850 sunlight hours annually. Two-thirds of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September. At Wudu, the monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 3.3 °C (37.9 °F) in January to 24.8 °C (76.6 °F) in July, the annual mean is 14.63 °C (58.3 °F), and the annual precipitation is 472 mm (18.6 in).






















































































































































































Climate data for Wudu District (1971−2000)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
15.3
(59.5)
21.6
(70.9)
29.2
(84.6)
33.2
(91.8)
35.7
(96.3)
37.6
(99.7)
38.3
(100.9)
38.6
(101.5)
37.0
(98.6)
29.2
(84.6)
23.0
(73.4)
17.3
(63.1)
38.6
(101.5)
Average high °C (°F)
8.0
(46.4)
10.6
(51.1)
15.5
(59.9)
21.8
(71.2)
25.8
(78.4)
28.4
(83.1)
30.3
(86.5)
29.9
(85.8)
24.4
(75.9)
19.5
(67.1)
14.5
(58.1)
9.3
(48.7)
19.8
(67.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)
3.3
(37.9)
5.9
(42.6)
10.3
(50.5)
15.8
(60.4)
19.7
(67.5)
22.6
(72.7)
24.7
(76.5)
24.2
(75.6)
19.5
(67.1)
14.9
(58.8)
9.7
(49.5)
4.5
(40.1)
14.6
(58.3)
Average low °C (°F)
−0.3
(31.5)
2.3
(36.1)
6.5
(43.7)
11.3
(52.3)
15.1
(59.2)
18.2
(64.8)
20.4
(68.7)
20.0
(68.0)
16.1
(61.0)
11.6
(52.9)
6.0
(42.8)
0.6
(33.1)
10.7
(51.2)
Record low °C (°F)
−7.5
(18.5)
−7.8
(18.0)
−3.6
(25.5)
−2.1
(28.2)
5.1
(41.2)
10.1
(50.2)
14.8
(58.6)
12.3
(54.1)
8.4
(47.1)
0.9
(33.6)
−4.8
(23.4)
−8.6
(16.5)
−8.6
(16.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
1.9
(0.07)
2.8
(0.11)
13.5
(0.53)
33.9
(1.33)
60.1
(2.37)
73.3
(2.89)
86.7
(3.41)
83.0
(3.27)
75.4
(2.97)
34.3
(1.35)
6.2
(0.24)
.8
(0.03)
471.9
(18.57)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)
1.9
2.7
7.7
10.4
13.1
13.9
12.4
12.0
13.3
11.7
4.0
1.1
104.2
Average relative humidity (%)
51
50
52
52
56
60
63
64
69
67
58
53
58
Mean monthly sunshine hours
151.8
127.2
135.6
167.0
178.9
164.0
184.4
187.6
127.1
120.7
143.5
161.8
1,849.6
Percent possible sunshine
48
41
37
43
42
38
42
45
34
34
46
53
42
Source: China Meteorological Administration



History


Longnan was settled by humans at least 7000 years ago. Between 5000 and 6000 years ago, civilizations developed along the Xihan ("Western Han") and Bailong ("White Dragon") rivers. Anping in Wudu as well as Lixian both have ancient ruins. Longnan is very important in Chinese history: it was the home of Rong tribes that troubled the Shang and Zhou dynasties and is considered the homeland of the House of Ying, the family of the Qin dynasty that united China at the end of the Warring States period. Wudu County was even founded as part of the Qin Empire. It is still common to find Qin artifacts—including pottery, bronzes, and coins—in the area.


During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, the region was ruled by the Qiang kingdoms of Later Qin and Tanchang, the latter has its capital in present-day Tanchang. Tanchang is conquered by Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou in 564. The region then went under control of Sui, Tang and Song dynasties, then subsequently conquered by the Tibetans, Tanguts, Jurchens and Mongols before finally administered by Ming dynasty court.



Administration


Longnan has 1 urban districts, 8 counties, 242 towns, and 3243 villages with a total population of 2567718.[3]

































































































Map


#
Name

Simplified Chinese

Hanyu Pinyin
Population
(2010 census)
Area (km²)
Density (/km²)

City proper
1

Wudu District

武都区

Wǔdū Qū
555,004
4,642
119.56

Rural
2

Cheng County

成县

Chéng Xiàn
242,343
1,678
144.42
3

Wen County

文县

Wén Xiàn
218,796
5,002
43.74
4

Tanchang County

宕昌县

Tànchāng Xiàn
274,313
3,315
82.75
5

Kang County

康县

Kāng Xiàn
180,061
2,968
60.67
6

Xihe County

西和县

Xīhé Xiàn
393,272
1,862
211.21
7

Li County

礼县

Lǐ Xiàn
458,237
4,264
107.47
8

Hui County

徽县

Huī Xiàn
200,294
2,699
74.21
9

Liangdang County

两当县

Liǎngdāng Xiàn
45,398
1,408
32.24


Economy


In 2004, Longnan's GDP was 6,338,000,000 RMB, a 12% growth over the previous year.


Important agricultural products include cereals and grains, Chinese medicinal herbs, vegetable oil, fruits, nuts, berries, and vegetables. Coal, copper, lead, zinc, petroleum, and gold are all major mineral resources for Longnan. Cement and other building materials are also produced here.



Transportation



  • Longnan Chengzhou Airport

  • China National Highway 212

  • G75 Lanzhou–Haikou Expressway



Flora and fauna


Longnan has more than 1300 species of trees and shrubs, 1300 plants and herbs used for Chinese medicine, 100 wild fruits and berries, and 300 species of animals, many species of which are protected.



Notes





  1. ^ Main data bulletin of the sixth national census in 2010, 2011-05-09(in Chinese)


  2. ^ Gansu's provincial abbreviation refers to Mount Long. "Longnan" originally referred to the area south of the mountain, just as Longxi was the area to its west.


  3. ^ Main data bulletin of the sixth national census in 2010 Archived 2014-11-29 at the Wayback Machine, 2011-05-09(in Chinese)




External links



  • Official Website (in Chinese)







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