Questions of Bartholomew

















































New Testament apocrypha
First page of the Gospel of Judas (Page 33 of Codex Tchacos)

Apostolic Fathers

1 Clement · 2 Clement
Epistles of Ignatius
Polycarp to the Philippians
Martyrdom of Polycarp · Didache
Barnabas · Diognetus
The Shepherd of Hermas

Jewish–Christian gospels

Ebionites · Hebrews · Nazarenes

Infancy gospels

James · Thomas · Syriac · Pseudo-Matthew · History of Joseph the Carpenter

Gnostic gospels

Judas · Mary · Philip · Truth · Secret Mark · The Saviour

Other Gospels

Thomas · Marcion · Nicodemus · Peter · Barnabas

Apocalypse

Paul
Peter
Pseudo-Methodius · Thomas · Stephen
1 James · 2 James

Epistles

Apocryphon of James
Apocryphon of John
Epistula Apostolorum
Pseudo-Titus
Peter to Philip
Paul and Seneca

Acts

Andrew · Barnabas · John · Mar Mari · The Martyrs
Paul
Peter · Peter and Andrew
Peter and Paul · Peter and the Twelve · Philip
Pilate · Thaddeus · Thomas · Timothy
Xanthippe, Polyxena, and Rebecca

Misc.

Diatessaron
Doctrine of Addai
Questions of Bartholomew
Resurrection of Jesus Christ
Prayer of the Apostle Paul

"Lost" Books

Bartholomew · Matthias · Cerinthus · Basilides · Mani · Hebrews · Laodiceans

Nag Hammadi library

  • v

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  • e


The Questions of Bartholomew is not to be confused with the book called Resurrection of Jesus Christ, although either text may be the missing Gospel of Bartholomew (or neither may be), a lost work from the New Testament apocrypha.




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Narrative


    • 2.1 Satan's Testimony




  • 3 See also


  • 4 References


  • 5 External links





History


The text survives as Greek, Latin, and Old Church Slavonic manuscripts, although each copy varies from the others considerably in the wording chosen. It is of similar style to the Apocalypse of St. John the Divine, although sensational instead of seeking to frighten. It is framed as a dialogue from Jesus to the apostles (it varies significantly as to at which stage in time between the manuscripts), instigated by a series of extremely daring and outrageous questions and requests by Bartholomew.


The text appears to have been quite popular, judging by how well it survived, perhaps due to depictions of the supernatural. For example, the text implies that The Fall of Man was caused by Satan poisoning the water of Eden.


The text draws heavily on Jewish mysticism (such as the Book of Enoch), seeking to provide an explanation of the more supernatural aspects of Christian thought at the time. However, rather than a more clinical treatment that would be expected for such a treatise, it approaches these topics in a tabloid manner, evidently seeking to be a popular work rather than one for official church teaching.



Narrative


Initially, the text describes how Jesus descended into hell in his own words, and then jumps to discussing the virginal conception when Mary arrives amongst the apostles. Next, the apostles ask for a vision of hell, and angels roll up the earth to let them, and then return the earth when they have glimpsed it.



Satan's Testimony


Finally, Bartholomew asks to see Satan, and so a choir of angels drags Beliar (a name for Satan) from the depths of hell in chains, the sight of which kills the apostles dead. Jesus immediately brings them back to life and gives Bartholomew control over Satan. Bartholomew asks Satan how he came to be the enemy and other questions on esoteric subjects such as the hierarchy of the angels. He also explains the story of his removal from heaven.[1] Satan's testimony also includes an admission to his role as the leader of six hundred fallen angels that fell with him.[2] Satan is claimed to have a son named Salpsan, though little is mentioned of him.[3]



See also



  • Gospel of Bartholomew

  • New Testament apocrypha

  • Decretum Gelasianum



References





  1. ^ The Gospel of Bartholomew From "The Apocryphal New Testament," by M. R. James (trans), Oxford, 1924, hosted on Gnosis.org


  2. ^ The Poetics of Slavdom: The Mythopoeic Foundations of Yugoslavia, Volume 2, p.518, by Zdenko Zlatar, Peter Lang, 2007


  3. ^ Christ and Satan: A Critical Edition, p. 27, Robert Emmett Finnegan, Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press, 1977




External links


  • Online text of the Questions of Bartholomew



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