London Borough of Brent
London Borough of Brent | |||
|---|---|---|---|
London borough | |||
| |||
| Motto(s): Forward Together | |||
 Brent shown within Greater London | |||
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom | ||
| Constituent country | England | ||
| Region | London | ||
| Ceremonial county | Greater London | ||
| Created | 1 April 1965 | ||
| Admin HQ | Engineers Way Wembley | ||
| Government | |||
| • Type | London borough council | ||
| • Body | Brent London Borough Council | ||
| • Leadership | Leader & Cabinet (Labour) | ||
| • Mayor | Bhagwanji Chonan | ||
| • London Assembly | Navin Shah (Lab) AM for Brent and Harrow | ||
| • MPs | Barry Gardiner (Lab) Tulip Siddiq (Lab) Dawn Butler (Lab) | ||
| • EU Parliament | London | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 43.24 km2 (16.70 sq mi) | ||
| Area rank | 284th (of 326) | ||
| Population (mid-2017 est.) | |||
| • Total | 329,100 | ||
| • Rank | 25th (of 326) | ||
| • Density | 7,600/km2 (20,000/sq mi) | ||
| • Ethnicity[1] | 18% White British 4% White Irish 2.1% Other | ||
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (BST) | ||
| Postcodes | HA, NW, W | ||
| Area code(s) | 020 | ||
| ONS code | 00AE | ||
| GSS code | E09000005 | ||
| Police | Metropolitan Police | ||
| Website | http://www.brent.gov.uk | ||
The London Borough of Brent (
pronunciation (help·info)) is a London borough in north west London, and forms part of Outer London. The major areas are Wembley, Kilburn, Willesden, Harlesden and Neasden.
It borders the boroughs of Harrow to the north-west, Barnet to the north-east, Camden to the east, Westminster to the south-east, and Kensington and Chelsea, Hammersmith and Fulham, and Ealing to the south. Most of the eastern border is formed by the Roman road Watling Street, which is now the modern A5. Brent has a mixture of residential, industrial and commercial land. Brent is home to Wembley Stadium, one of the country's biggest landmarks, as well as Wembley Arena. The local authority is Brent London Borough Council.
Contents
1 History
2 Politics and local government
2.1 Wards
2.2 Politics
3 Demographics
3.1 Health
3.2 Ethnicity
4 Geography
4.1 Climate
5 Economy
6 Amenities and culture
6.1 Education
6.2 Compulsory recycling
6.3 London Fire Brigade
6.4 Transport
6.4.1 Travel to work
6.5 Landmarks
6.6 Parks and open spaces
6.7 Sport and leisure
7 Town twinning
8 References
9 External links
History
A map of Brent in 1872, by John Marius Wilson
Brent was formed in 1965 from the area of the former Municipal Borough of Wembley and Municipal Borough of Willesden of Middlesex. Its name derives from the River Brent which runs through the borough.[2]
Politics and local government
Wards
A map showing the wards of Brent since 2002
Brent is divided into 21 Electoral Wards. Some wards share a name with the traditional areas above, others include Barnhill, Dudden Hill, Fryent, Mapesbury and Welsh Harp.[3]
The Brent borough includes three parliamentary constituencies: Brent North, Brent Central, and Hampstead and Kilburn, which includes part of the London Borough of Camden. Before the 2010 United Kingdom general election it was divided into three constituencies contained wholly within the borough - Brent South, Brent East and Brent North.[citation needed]
Politics
Brent London Borough Council is elected every four years, with currently 63 councillors being elected at each election. While the Labour Party has been the largest single party on the council for about half its history and the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats have each been the largest party at other times, there have been several periods when no party has had overall control. Labour regained control in 2010 and increased their majority at the 2014 election and 2018 election. As of the 2018 election the council is composed of the following councillors:-[4]
Party | Councillors | |
Labour Party | 57 | |
Conservative Party | 3 | |
Liberal Democrats | 0 | |
The leader of the Council is Labour Councillor Muhammed Butt.[5]
Demographics
| Population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1801 | 2,022 | — |
| 1811 | 2,690 | +33.0% |
| 1821 | 3,074 | +14.3% |
| 1831 | 3,991 | +29.8% |
| 1841 | 5,416 | +35.7% |
| 1851 | 5,646 | +4.2% |
| 1861 | 14,749 | +161.2% |
| 1871 | 23,852 | +61.7% |
| 1881 | 32,955 | +38.2% |
| 1891 | 67,674 | +105.4% |
| 1901 | 105,613 | +56.1% |
| 1911 | 164,833 | +56.1% |
| 1921 | 202,448 | +22.8% |
| 1931 | 248,656 | +22.8% |
| 1941 | 277,842 | +11.7% |
| 1951 | 310,457 | +11.7% |
| 1961 | 294,804 | −5.0% |
| 1971 | 280,009 | −5.0% |
| 1981 | 251,249 | −10.3% |
| 1991 | 248,569 | −1.1% |
| 2001 | 263,463 | +6.0% |
| 2011 | 311,215 | +18.1% |
| Source: A Vision of Britain through time | ||
In 1801, the civil parishes that form the modern borough had a total population of 2,022. This rose slowly throughout the nineteenth century, as the district became built up; reaching 5,646 in the middle of the century. When the railways arrived the rate of population growth increased. The population peaked in the 1960s, when industry began to relocate from London.
Brent is among the most diverse localities in the country, with large Asian and Indian, Black African, Black Caribbean, Irish (largest in the country), and Eastern European communities.
The 2001 UK Census revealed that the borough had a population of 263,464 – of whom 127,806 were male, and 135,658 female. Of those stating a choice, 47.71% described themselves as Christian, 17.71% as Hindu, 12.26% as Muslim and 10% as having no religion. Of the population, 39.96% were in full-time employment and 7.86% in part-time employment – compared to a London average of 42.64% and 8.62%, respectively. Residents were predominantly owner-occupiers, with 23.17% owning their house outright, and a further 31.33% owning with a mortgage. 10.59% were in local authority housing, with a further 13.29% renting from a housing association, or other registered social landlord.[6]
The borough of Brent is extremely ethnically diverse. In the 2011 census, those who identified as White British made up 18% of the borough's population. 18% identified as other White, 5% were of mixed heritage, those of South Asian heritage comprised about 33%, those of African and Caribbean heritage about 19%, and other ethnic groups about 7%. Whites were found in highest proportion in the wards of Mapesbury (the area between Willesden Green and Cricklewood), Brondesbury Park, Queen's Park and Kilburn. Black people in highest proportion were found in Stonebridge, Harlesden and Kensal Green wards. Asians are centred in the wards of Alperton, Wembley Central and Kenton.[7] Brent has the highest proportion of Irish residents in mainland Britain, with 4% of the population.[8]
As of 2011, 41.5% identified themselves as Christian, 18.6% Muslim, 17.8% Hindu and 10.6% with no religion.[9]
Health
In the House of Commons survey of Female Genital Mutilation, at 1250 Brent had the highest number of attendees to medical services.[10]
In 2019, BBC reported that Newham had among highest rates of tuberculosis in the UK at 107 per 7005100000000000000♠100000 population, which was higher than Rwanda (69) and Iraq (45) according to WHO figures from 2013. More than 80% of TB cases in London occur in people born abroad. The UK average was 13.[11]
Ethnicity
The following table shows the ethnic group of respondents in the 2001 and 2011 census in Brent.
| Ethnic Group | 2001[12] | 2011[13] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | |
| White: British | 76,893 | 29.19% | 55,887 | 17.96% |
| White: Irish | 18,313 | 6.95% | 12,320 | 3.96% |
| White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller | 320 | 0.10% | ||
| White: Other | 24,072 | 9.14% | 44,353 | 14.25% |
| White: Total | 119,278 | 45.27% | 112,880 | 36.27% |
| Asian or Asian British: Indian | 48,624 | 18.46% | 58,017 | 18.64% |
| Asian or Asian British: Pakistani | 10,626 | 4.03% | 14,381 | 4.62% |
| Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi | 1,184 | 0.45% | 1,749 | 0.56% |
| Asian or Asian British: Chinese | 2,812 | 1.07% | 3,250 | 1.04% |
| Asian or Asian British: Other Asian | 12,628 | 4.79% | 28,589 | 9.19% |
| Asian or Asian British: Total | 75,874 | 28.80% | 105,986 | 34.06% |
| Black or Black British: African | 20,640 | 7.83% | 24,391 | 7.84% |
| Black or Black British: Caribbean | 27,574 | 10.47% | 23,723 | 7.62% |
| Black or Black British: Other Black | 4,123 | 1.56% | 10,518 | 3.38% |
| Black or Black British: Total | 52,337 | 19.86% | 58,632 | 18.84% |
| Mixed: White and Black Caribbean | 2,739 | 1.04% | 4,291 | 1.38% |
| Mixed: White and Black African | 1,739 | 0.66% | 2,820 | 0.91% |
| Mixed: White and Asian | 2,529 | 0.96% | 3,642 | 1.17% |
| Mixed: Other Mixed | 2,795 | 1.06% | 5,022 | 1.61% |
| Mixed: Total | 9,802 | 3.72% | 15,775 | 5.07% |
| Other: Arab | 11,430 | 3.67% | ||
| Other: Any other ethnic group | 6,512 | 2.09% | ||
| Other: Total | 6,173 | 2.34% | 17,942 | 5.77% |
| Black, Asian, and minority ethnic: Total | 144,186 | 54.73% | 198,335 | 63.73% |
| Total | 263,464 | 100.00% | 311,215 | 100.00% |
Geography
Major districts of Brent include:Kilburn, Willesden and Wembley.
Climate
Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb". (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate).[14]
| Climate data for Borough of Brent, UK | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 8 (46) | 8 (46) | 10 (50) | 12 (54) | 15 (59) | 17 (63) | 19 (66) | 19 (66) | 17 (63) | 14 (57) | 11 (52) | 8 (46) | 13 (55) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 3 (37) | 3 (37) | 4 (39) | 5 (41) | 8 (46) | 10 (50) | 12 (54) | 12 (54) | 10 (50) | 8 (46) | 6 (43) | 4 (39) | 7 (45) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 130 (5.2) | 110 (4.3) | 79 (3.1) | 84 (3.3) | 79 (3.1) | 64 (2.5) | 76 (3) | 89 (3.5) | 89 (3.5) | 140 (5.7) | 150 (5.9) | 150 (6.1) | 1,250 (49.4) |
| Source: Weatherbase[15] | |||||||||||||
Economy
Diageo has its head office in Park Royal and in the London Borough of Brent,[16][17] on a former Guinness brewery property.[18] The brewery was closed in 2004; it had produced beer since 1936.[19] Diageo planned to move its head office to Brent from Central London when the lease on the Central London office expired in 2010.[18]
Brent is the joint fourth-worst Borough in London for levels of child poverty. Save the Children reported in 2011 that 11,000 children are impoverished.[20]
Amenities and culture
Education
Compulsory recycling
Recycling has been compulsory in the borough of Brent since 2008.[21] Through a green box collection scheme[21] the borough aims to improve on the 25 per cent recycled waste it already achieves.[citation needed]
London Fire Brigade
The London Borough of Brent has three fire stations within the borough: Park Royal, Wembley and Willesden. Brent has a mixture of residential, industrial and commercial land. Most notably, Wembley National Stadium is within the area - on match days the safety of over 90,000 people is the responsibility of the London Fire Brigade. Wembley covers the largest area in the borough, 19.1 km2 (7.4 sq mi).[22] Two pumping appliances, a fire rescue unit and an aerial ladder platform are based there. Willesden, for its relatively small, in comparison to Wembley, station ground (10.5 km2 (4.1 sq mi)), responded to over a thousand incidents in 2006/2007.[22] Two pumping appliances reside there. Park Royal, with its one pumping appliance and an incident response unit, has one of the smallest station grounds; just 8.1 km2 (3.1 sq mi).
Within the borough, 4,105 incidents occurred in 2006/2007.[22]
Transport
The numerous London Underground, London Overground and National Rail stations in the borough are:
- Alperton tube station
- Brondesbury railway station
- Brondesbury Park railway station
- Dollis Hill tube station
- Harlesden station
- Kensal Green station
- Kenton station
- Kilburn tube station
- Kilburn Park tube station
- Kingsbury tube station
- Neasden tube station
- North Wembley station
- Northwick Park tube station
- Preston Road tube station
- Queensbury tube station
- Queen's Park station
- South Kenton station
- Stonebridge Park station
- Sudbury Town tube station
- Sudbury & Harrow Road railway station
- Wembley Central station
- Wembley Park tube station
- Wembley Stadium railway station
- Willesden Green tube station
- Willesden Junction station
Travel to work
In March 2011, the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were (of all residents aged 16–74):
- underground, metro, light rail, tram, 18.3%;
- driving a car or van, 11.5%;
- bus, minibus or coach, 11.5%;
- on foot, 4.6%;
- train, 4.5%;
- work mainly at or from home, 2.6%;
- bicycle, 1.7%.[23]
Landmarks
- Wembley Stadium
- Wembley Arena
- Neasden Temple
Jubilee clock Harlesden- Brent Civic Centre
- Shree Swaminarayan Temple, Kingsbury
Parks and open spaces
- Roe Green Park
- Queen's Park
- Roundwood Park
- Tiverton Green
- Gladstone Park
- Barham Park
- One Tree Hill Park
- Maybank Open Space
- King Edward VI Park
- Harlesden Town Garden
Sport and leisure
The Borough has three Non-League football clubs:
Tokyngton Manor F.C., which plays at Spratleys Meadow.
Wembley F.C., which plays at Vale Farm stadium
South Kilburn F.C. which plays at Vale Farm stadium.
Town twinning
Brent is twinned with:
South Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
References
^ 2011 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in England and Wales, Office for National Statistics (2012). See Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom for the full descriptions used in the 2011 Census.
^ King, Rosamund & Barres-Baker, Malcolm - Britain in Old Photographs: The London Borough of Brent (Stroud, The History Press, 2011) p.4 .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
ISBN 0-75245-827-2
^ Borough of Brent official website, brent.gov.uk; accessed 7 December 2014.
^ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/topics/cewngrr5rmkt/brent-london-borough-council. Retrieved 4 May 2018. Missing or empty|title=(help)
^ https://www.brent.gov.uk/your-council/about-brent-council/council-structure-and-how-we-work/the-cabinet/cllr-muhammed-butt-leader-of-the-council/
^ Key Figures for 2001 Census: Census Area Statistics: Brent, neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk; accessed 25 February 2009.
^ 2011 Census data, accessed 4 November 2013.
^ 2011 Census data
^ Brent profile by religious adherence, http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk; accessed 7 December 2014.
^ "House of Commons - Female genital mutilation: abuse unchecked - Home Affairs Committee". publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 2018-11-09.
^ "London areas have higher TB than Iraq". 2015-10-27. Retrieved 2019-01-15.
^ "KS006 - Ethnic group". NOMIS. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
^ "Ethnic Group by measures". NOMIS. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
^ Climate Summary
^
"Brent, England: Monthly - Weather Averages Summary". Weatherbase. CantyMedia. 2016. Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in:|accessdate=(help)
^ "Diageo Contacts." Diageo. Retrieved on 1 September 2011. "Diageo plc Lakeside Drive Park Royal London NW107HQ"
^ "Brent Boundary (approximate) Archived 1 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine." London Borough of Brent. Retrieved on 1 September 2011.
^ ab Dunkley, Jamie. "Drinks maker Diageo to close London office", The Daily Telegraph, 20 March 2009; retrieved 1 September 2011.
^ Innes, John. "Guinness closes UK brewery", The Scotsman. 16 April 2004; retrieved 1 September 2011.
^ Thousands of Brent children in severe poverty, harrowobserver.co.uk; accessed 7 December 2014.
^ ab "Mass sign-up to London recycling scheme". BBC News (UK, England). 2 August 2008. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
^ abc London Fire Brigade - Brent Profile, london-fire.gov.uk; accessed 7 December 2014.
^ "2011 Census: QS701EW Method of travel to work, local authorities in England and Wales". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 23 November 2013. Percentages are of all residents aged 16-74 including those not in employment. Respondents could only select one mode.
External links
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Alperton
BrondesburyCoordinates: 51°33′58″N 0°16′26″W / 51.56611°N 0.27389°W / 51.56611; -0.27389
