Camp Chase




This article is about a former military training camp and Civil War prison in Ohio. For the Massachusetts training camp of the same name, see Camp Chase (Massachusetts).


































Camp Chase Site
U.S. National Register of Historic Places


Camp chase 1.jpg
More than 2,200 Confederate graves are in the Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery




Camp Chase is located in Ohio
Camp Chase



Show map of Ohio



Camp Chase is located in the US
Camp Chase



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Location 2900 Sullivant Ave., Columbus, Ohio
Coordinates
39°56′38″N 83°4′33″W / 39.94389°N 83.07583°W / 39.94389; -83.07583Coordinates: 39°56′38″N 83°4′33″W / 39.94389°N 83.07583°W / 39.94389; -83.07583
Area 1.4 acres (0.57 ha)
Built 1861
NRHP reference #
73001434
[1]
Added to NRHP April 11, 1973









































Camp Chase
Part of American Civil War prison camps
Columbus, Ohio, United States
Camp Chase Aerial View.jpg
Type Army Training Camp and Union Prison Camp
Site information
Owner U.S. Government
Controlled by Union Army
Open to
the public		 Yes
Site history
In use 1861–1865
Demolished 1865-1867
Battles/wars American Civil War
Garrison information
Occupants Union soldiers, Confederate officer prisoners of war

Camp Chase was a military staging and training camp established in Columbus, Ohio in May 1861 after the start of the American Civil War. It also included a large Union-operated prison camp for Confederate prisoners during the American Civil War.[2]


The camp was closed and dismantled after the war and the site has been redeveloped for residential and commercial use, except for the Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery, [3] which contains 2,260 graves of Confederates who died in captivity both in Camp Chase and in Camp Dennison near Cincinnati.[4] Camp Chase was located in what is now the Hilltop neighborhood of Columbus, Ohio. Camp Chase is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Prison conditions


  • 3 The Lady in Gray


  • 4 Camp Chase today


  • 5 Vandalism


  • 6 Photos


  • 7 See also


  • 8 References [1]


  • 9 External links





History


Camp Chase was an American Civil War training and prison camp established in May 1861, on land leased by the U.S. Government.[4] It replaced the much smaller Camp Jackson which was established by Ohio Governor William Dennison Jr as a place for Ohio's union volunteers to meet.[4] It originally operated from a city park. The main entrance was on the National Road 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Downtown Columbus, Ohio. Boundaries of the camp were present-day Broad Street (north), Hague Avenue (east), Sullivant Avenue (south), and near Westgate Avenue (west). Named for former Ohio Governor, Salmon P. Chase, who was Lincoln's Secretary of the Treasury; it was a training camp for Ohio volunteer army soldiers, a parole camp, a muster outpost, and later a prisoner-of-war camp. The nearby Camp Thomas served as a similar base for the Regular Army. As many as 150,000 Union soldiers and 25,000 Confederate prisoners passed through its gates from 1861–1865. By February 1865, over 9,400 men were held at the prison. More than 2,200 Confederates are buried in the Camp Chase Cemetery. Western Virginia and Kentucky civilians suspected of actively supporting secession, including former three-term United States Congressman Richard Henry Stanton were held at the facility.[4] The prison camp also held Confederates captured during Morgan's Raid in 1863, including Col. Basil W. Duke.


The camp was closed in 1865, and by September 1867, dismantled buildings, usable items, and 450 patients from Tripler Military Hospital (also in Columbus) were transferred to the National Soldier's Home in Dayton. In 1895, former Union soldier William H. Knauss organized the first memorial service at the cemetery. In 1906 he published a history of the camp.[5]


The Confederate Soldier Memorial was dedicated in 1902. From 1912 to 1994, the United Daughters of the Confederacy held annual services to commemorate Confederate soldiers who had been held and died there. The Hilltop Historical Society now sponsors the event on the second Sunday in June.



Prison conditions


The living conditions at Camp Chase were inadequate for a number of reasons. The prisoners were never intentionally starved, but because the Union army focused on feeding its own soldiers first it often left the prisoners with little to no food.[2][6][7] The largest number of soldiers and officers held at Camp chase at a single time was in 1863 when the prison camp held around 8,000 men.[2] Because of the large number of prisoners crowded in a relatively small area, there was also a large outbreak of smallpox and other deadly diseases. This resulted in the death of hundreds of prisoners in the winter of 1863-1864.[2] Many POW camps had the same conditions on both sides of the war. Because of this, the Union and the CSA agreed to exchange prisoners to stop the suffering of men on both sides. Ultimately around 10,000 soldiers were exchanged between both sides.[2][8]



The Lady in Gray


The Lady in Gray is purportedly an apparition that haunts Camp Chase Cemetery. The story goes that the ghost is looking for her lost love, and cannot find him in the cemetery. The woman is described as young, in her late teens or early twenties, dressed entirely in gray, and carrying a clean white handkerchief. The legend of the Lady in Gray dates back to just after the Civil War, when visitors to Camp Chase spotted the woman walking through the cemetery, trying to read the carved names on the marked grave markers. She was seen quite often for several years, before disappearing completely.[9]



Camp Chase today


Aside from the two-acre Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery,[3] the land that formerly housed Camp Chase has been redeveloped as a residential and commercial area known as Westgate. A corner stone to the camp is located in front of the Westgate #623 Masonic Temple, in a community in the Hilltop section of west Columbus. This development was built in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Camp Chase is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.



Vandalism


In August 2017 the statue of a Confederate soldier on top of the camp memorial was pushed off the arch and in the process had its head broken off. The vandals never were found. They stole the head of the Confederate statue but not the hat.[10]



Photos






  • The Confederate Soldier Memorial before vandals broke off the statue at the top in 2017







  • The memorial after vandals broke off the statue in 2017







  • Gravestones and the main memorial







  • Text of the carved stone






See also



  • Ohio in the Civil War

  • Camp Dennison

  • Johnson's Island

  • Hilltop Area

  • List of Civil War POW Prisons and Camps

  • Camp Chase Industrial Railroad

  • Camp Chase Trail



References [1]





  1. ^ National Park Service (2009-03-13). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ abcde "Camp Chase - Ohio History Central". www.ohiohistorycentral.org. Retrieved 2018-10-16.


  3. ^ ab https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/national_cemeteries/ohio/camp_chase_confederate_cemetery.html


  4. ^ abcd "Camp Chase - Ohio History Central". www.ohiohistorycentral.org. Retrieved 2018-10-29.


  5. ^ Knauss, William H. [from old catalog (1906.). The story of Camp Chase; a history of the prison and its cemetery, together with other cemeteries where Confederate prisoners are buried, etc. Nashville, Tenn. and Dallas, Tex. Check date values in: |date= (help)


  6. ^ Hiram., Duff, William (2010). Terrors and horrors of prison life. [Place of publication not identified]: Nabu Press. ISBN 1175863637. OCLC 945209262.


  7. ^ Roger,, Pickenpaugh,. Captives in gray : the Civil War prisons of the Union. Tuscaloosa, Alabama. ISBN 9780817316525. OCLC 263408664.


  8. ^ Roger., Pickenpaugh, (2007). Camp Chase and the evolution of Union prison policy. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. ISBN 9780817380359. OCLC 183296792.


  9. ^ "The Mashburn Collection: The Grey Lady Ghost", April 2011. Retrieved September 28, 2011. Archived August 8, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.


  10. ^ Burger, Beth. "Vandals decapitate Confederate soldier statue at Camp Chase cemetery". The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved 2018-10-24.



  • Historical Marker #27-25, located at 2900 Sullivant Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, installed by the Ohio Bicentennial Commission, 1999.

Miller, Robert Earnest, "War Within Walls: Camp Chase and the Search for Administrative Reform," Ohio History 96 (Winter Spring 1987): 33 56



External links




  • Media related to Camp Chase at Wikimedia Commons

  • Comprehensive Camp Chase Cemetery headstone inventory

  • Camp Chase Prison

  • Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery

  • Camp Chase Cemetery on graveaddiction.com

  • Camp Chase Cemetery on Rootsweb

  • Aerial photo of Camp Chase


  • Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery at Find a Grave

  • Letters from Camp Chase inmate

  • Knauss, William H.; The story of Camp Chase; 1906


  • Not to Be Forgotten: Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan


  • Historic American Landscapes Survey (HALS) No. OH-2, "Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery, 2900 Sullivant Avenue, Columbus, Franklin County, OH"

  • Columbus Sons of Confederate Veterans: Camp Chase Website

  • https://www.cem.va.gov/cems/lots/campchase.asp










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