1994 Hungarian parliamentary election


















Hungarian parliamentary election, 1994







← 1990
8 and 29 May 1994
1998 →


All 386 seats in the National Assembly
194 seats needed for a majority
Turnout 68.9%



























































































































 
First party
Second party
Third party
 

Gyula Horn (2007).jpg

PetőIván.jpg

Péter Boross 2014.JPG
Leader

Gyula Horn

Iván Pető

Péter Boross
Party

MSZP

SZDSZ

MDF
Leader since
27 May 1990
13 November 1992
13 December 1993
Last election
33 seats, 10.9%
94 seats, 21.40%
165 seats, 24.72%
Seats won
209
69
38
Seat change

Increase176

Decrease25

Decrease127
Popular vote

1,781,867
1,066,074
633,957
Percentage

33.0%
19.7%
11.7%

 
Fourth party
Fifth party
Sixth party
 

Torgyán József - 2016 (crop).jpg

László Surján MEP 1, Strasbourg 2014 - Diliff.jpg

Orban Viktor Portrait.jpg
Leader

József Torgyán

László Surján

Viktor Orbán
Party

FKGP

KDNP

Fidesz
Leader since
26 April 1991
27 May 1990
18 April 1993
Last election
44 seats, 11.74%
21 seats, 6.46%
22 seats, 8.95%
Seats won
26
22
20
Seat change

Decrease18

Increase1

Decrease2
Popular vote
476,416
379.573
379,295
Percentage
8.8%
7.0%
7.0%




Hungary 1994 election SMC results.svg
Results of the election in all 176 single-member constituencies








Prime Minister before election

Péter Boross
MDF



Elected Prime Minister

Gyula Horn
MSZP



























Hungary
Coat of arms of Hungary.svg

This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Hungary












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Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 8 May 1994, with a second round of voting in 174 of the 176 single member constituencies on 29 May.[1][2] They resulted in the return to power of the Hungarian Socialist Party, the former Communist party, under the leadership of Gyula Horn, who became Prime Minister. The Socialists achieved a remarkable revival, winning an overall majority of 209 seats out of 386, up from 33 in 1990. At the time, it was the most seats that a Hungarian party had ever won in a free election.


The governing Hungarian Democratic Forum was severely defeated, falling from 165 seats to 38 for third place. It was also a disappointment for the principal opposition party of the previous parliament, the Alliance of Free Democrats, which failed to capitalize on the government's unpopularity and lost seats. Poor economic performance, apparent government incompetence and a certain nostalgia for the social security of the communist era appear to be the main reasons for the result, together with significant reform of the Socialists' policies, with commitment to the expansion for the market economy and continued compensation for the victims of communism.


While the Socialists had enough seats to govern alone, Horn decided to form a coalition with the Free Democrats, giving him a two-thirds majority. This was partly to assuage public concerns inside and outside Hungary over an ex-Communist party with an absolute majority, and partly to get his reform package past his own party's left wing.



Results















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Hungarian parliamentary election, 1994.svg

Party
SMCs
MMCs
National
seats
Total
seats
+/–
Votes
%
Seats
Votes
%
Seats

Hungarian Socialist Party 1,689,081 31.3 149 1,781,867 33.0 53 7 209 +176

Alliance of Free Democrats 1,005,766 18.6 16 1,066,074 19.7 28 25 69 –25

Hungarian Democratic Forum 649,966 12.0 5 633,957 11.7 18 15 38 –127

Independent Smallholders' Party 425,482 7.9 1 476,416 8.8 14 11 26 –18

Fidesz 416,143 7.7 0 379,295 7.0 7 13 20 –2

Christian Democratic People's Party 397,887 7.4 3 379,573 7.0 5 14 22 +1

Workers' Party 177,458 3.3 0 172,117 3.2 0 0 0 New

Agrarian Alliance 132,181 2.4 1 113,405 2.1 0 0 1 –1

Republican Party 104,289 1.9 0 137,484 2.5 0 0 0 New

Hungarian Justice and Life Party 67,162 1.2 0 85,623 1.6 0 0 0 New

Liberal Civic Alliance – Entrepreneurs' Party 42,951 0.8 1 33,367 0.6 0 0 1 New

United Smallholders' Party 43,234 0.8 0 44,315 0.8 0 0 0 New

Hungarian Social Democratic Party 32,913 0.6 0 51,122 0.9 0 0 0 0

National Democratic Alliance 32,258 0.6 0 28,075 0.5 0 0 0 New


ASZ–SZDSZ
9,280 0.2 0 0 0


VP–Fidesz–ASZ–SZDSZ
6,440 0.1 0 0 0

Hungarian Market Party 5,459 0.1 0 635 0.0 0 0 0 New

Conservative Party – Alliance of Farmers and Civilians 5,241 0.1 0 2,046 0.0 0 0 0 New

Green Party of Hungary 4,766 0.1 0 8,813 0.2 0 0 0 0


SZDSZ–KP
4,664 0.1 0 0 0

Compromise Independent Smallholders' Party 4,386 0.1 0 5,918 0.1 0 0 0 New

Gypsy Solidarity Party 3,282 0.1 0 0 0 New

Green Alternative 2,638 0.1 0 849 0.0 0 0 0 New

Independent Hungarian Democratic Party 2,366 0.0 0 0 0 0

Democratic Coalition Party 2,117 0.0 0 0 0 New

National Alliance of Hungarian Families 2,005 0.0 0 0 0 New

Historic Independent Smallholders' Party 1,792 0.0 0 0 0 New


VP–Fidesz
1,347 0.0 0 0 0

Pensioners' Party 1,245 0.0 0 0 0 New

Social Democratic Party 1,197 0.0 0 0 0 New

Democratic Party 1,150 0.0 0 0 0 New


EKGP–KDNP
840 0.0 0 0 0

Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party 704 0.0 0 0 0 New

Party of the Hungarian Interest 416 0.0 0 0 0 New

Union of Hungarian Biomedicists 334 0.0 0 0 0 New

Hungarian Mothers' National Party 265 0.0 0 0 0 New

Electoral Coalition for the Hungarians 211 0.0 0 0 0 New

Party for Historic Hungary 203 0.0 0 0 0 New

Hungarian Party of the Unemployed 190 0.0 0 0 0 New

National Forces' Movement 188 0.0 0 0 0 New

Independents 122,190 2.3 0 0 –6
Invalid/blank votes 78,535 80,198
Total 5,480,222 100 176 5,481,149 100 125 85 386
0
Registered voters/turnout 7,960,293 68.9 7,960,280 68.9
Source: Nohlen & Stöver















































Vote Share
MSZP
33.0%
SZDSZ
19.7%
HDF
11.7%
FKgP
8.8%
Fidesz
7.0%
KDNP
7.0%
Other
12.8%

















































Seat Distribution
MSZP
54.1%
SZDSZ
17.9%
HDF
9.8%
FKgP
6.7%
KDNP
5.7%
Fidesz
5.2%
Other
0.5%




References





  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p899 .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
    ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7



  2. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p925










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