Milán Václavík
Milán Václavík | |
---|---|
Minister of Defense | |
In office 11 January 1985 – 3 December 1989 | |
President | Gustáv Husák |
Prime Minister | Lubomír Štrougal Ladislav Adamec |
Preceded by | Martin Dzúr |
Succeeded by | Miroslav Vacek |
Personal details | |
Born | 28 March 1928 Predmier |
Died | 2007 (aged 78–79) |
Nationality | Slovak |
Political party | Communist Party of Czechoslovakia |
Alma mater | Frunze Military Academy General Staff Academy |
Awards | |
Military service | |
Allegiance | Czechoslovakia |
Rank | Colonel General |
Milán Václavík (28 March 1928 – 2007) was a Slovak-origin Czechoslovak military officer with the rank of colonel general. He served as defense minister from 1985 to 1989, being the last communist-era defense minister of Czechoslovakia.
Contents
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Awards
3 Later years and death
4 References
Early life
Václavík was born in Predmier, Zilina district in Slovakia, on 28 March 1928.[1][2] He held an engineering degree.[1] In the 1950s he was sent to the Soviet Union for military training and attended the Frunze Military Academy and the General Staff Academy.[1]
Career
Václavík worked as an engineer until 1949 when he joined the Czechoslovak People's Army.[1] In the 1970s he served as deputy commander of the western military district.[1] He was later promoted to the rank of colonel general.[3] He served as first deputy chief of the army General Staff from 1983 to 11 January 1985.[1][4]
He was appointed defense minister on 11 January 1985, replacing Martin Dzúr in the post.[4][5] Václavík served in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Lubomír Štrougal under the president of Gustáv Husák.[6] Václavík became a member of the central committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia soon after his appointment.[7] He retained his post in the cabinet formed by Prime Minister Ladislav Adamec in October 1988.[8]
On 29 November 1989 Václavík was asked by the Federal Assembly to answer the question to whom the Czech army was subordinated.[3] In response Václavík stated that it was subordinated to those who supported socialism, leading to concerns among the Czech parliamentarians.[3] Upon this incident and due to the pressures on the Prime Minister Adamec to relieve him from the post he was removed from office.[3][9] Then Miroslav Vacek became the new defense minister on 3 December 1989.[10][11]
Awards
Czechoslovakia: February revolution order, Labor order, Red star order
USSR: Lenin order
Cuba order: Order for solidary
Vietnam order: Hu Chimin order
Later years and death
Following his removal from office Václavík lost all his credibility due to his support for the continuation of the communist regime in the country.[12] He was prosecuted in January 1996 together with other major former Communist Party figures. All of them were charged with the illegal arming of the militia.[13][14] In September 1996 Václavík was pardoned by the president Václav Havel because of poor health.[13][14] Václavík died in 2007.[10]
References
^ abcdef "Milan Vaclavik". Munzinger (in German). 16 September 1985. Retrieved 17 October 2013..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ "New Czech defense chief". The Spokesman Review. 12 January 1985. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^ abcd Jeffrey Simon (2004). NATO and the Czech and Slovak Republics: A Comparative Study in Civil-military Relations. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-7425-2903-8.
^ ab "Czech Defense Chief Retires". The New York Times. Vienna. Reuters. 11 January 1985. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^ "Gen. Martin Dzur, 65; Czechs' Defense Chief". The New York Times. Vienna. Reuters. 17 January 1985. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
^ "Martin Dzur, Czechoslovak Military Chief". Los Angeles Times. Prague. 17 January 1985. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^ "Czechoslovakia Government and Party Control". The Library of Congress Country Studies; CIA World Factbook. August 1987. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^ "Ministers in Czechoslovakia's Government With AM". Associated Press. 12 October 1988. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^ Andrew A. Michta; Vojtech Mastny (1992). East Central Europe after the Warsaw Pact: Security Dilemmas in the 1990s. New York: Greenwood Press. p. 117. Retrieved 17 October 2013. – via Questia (subscription required)
^ ab "Czechoslovak ministries". Rulers. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^ Miroslav Tuma (September 2006). "Relics of Cold War Defence Transformation in the Czech Republic" (Policy Paper No. 14). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^ Thomas S. Szayna; Jamas B. Steinberg (1992). "Civil-military relations and national security thinking in Czechoslovakia" (Conference Report). RAND Corporation. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^ ab Katerina Honskusova (18 September 1996). "Havel pardons terminally ill communist boss". The Prague Post. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^ ab "U.S. Department of State Country Report on Human Rights Practices 1996 - Czech Republic". Refworld. 30 January 1997. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
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