Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union
The Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union (Russian: Военная коллегия Верховного суда СССР) was created in 1924 by the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union as a court for the higher military and political personnel of the Red Army and Fleet.[1] In addition it was an immediate supervisor of military tribunals and the supreme authority of military appeals.
During 1926–1948 the Chairman of the Collegium was Vasili Ulrikh.[2]
The role of the Military Collegium drastically changed after June 1934, when it was assigned the duty to consider cases that fell under Article 58, counter-revolutionary activity.
During the Great Purge of 1937–1938 the Military Collegium tried relatively prominent figures, usually based on the lists approved personally by Joseph Stalin[3], the majority of Article 58 cases having been processed extrajudicially by NKVD Troikas. In particular, the Military Collegium conducted the major Soviet show trials.[4]
The Collegium was also involved in subsequent trials of Polish General Leopold Okulicki, the last commander of the Polish Home Army, and Jan Jankowski, Polish government delegate.[5]
Chairmen
- 1923–1926 Valentin Trifonov
- 1926–1948 Vasili Ulrikh
- 1948-1957 Aleksandr Cheptsov
- 1957-? Borisoglebskiy
See also
- Ministry of Justice of the Soviet Union
References
^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=C6ArNjB-oG8C&pg=PA375&lpg=PA375&dq=when+was+the+Military+Collegium+of+the+Supreme+Court+of+the+Soviet+Union+created&source=bl&ots=U50uUZ6J4l&sig=RzXZkVZ0QnWL5YL8ZiBSuZ-lft8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiQyOvXj9jZAhWFXMAKHdVsBDw4ChDoAQg4MAY#v=onepage&q=when%20was%20the%20Military%20Collegium%20of%20the%20Supreme%20Court%20of%20the%20Soviet%20Union%20created&f=false
^ http://art-bin.com/art/omosc23e.html
^ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/238397883_Mass_terror_and_the_court_The_Military_Collegium_of_the_USSR
^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=dvXdi7jZy5YC&pg=PA819&lpg=PA819&dq=Military+Collegium+of+the+Supreme+Court+of+the+Soviet+Union&source=bl&ots=rDotTor9K7&sig=SVLQPut-uLpgisk749ttq2rUXrk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwilyK2xi9jZAhWEDMAKHQZbCsU4ChDoAQgtMAE#v=onepage&q=Military%20Collegium%20of%20the%20Supreme%20Court%20of%20the%20Soviet%20Union&f=false
^ https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/general-leopold-okulicki-from-the-left-and-jan-stanis%C5%82aw-jankowski-heard-before-the-military-collegium-of-the-supreme-court-of-the-u-s-s-r/vQE8Igq34cILQw
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