Hydroiodic acid
















































































































Hydroiodic acid





Space-filling model of hydrogen iodide
Space-filling model of water






The iodide anion
Space-filling model of the hydronium cation

Names
Other names
Hydronium iodide

Identifiers

CAS Number

  • 10034-85-2 ☑Y

3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image

ChEBI

  • CHEBI:47266 ☑Y

ChemSpider

  • 255 ☑Y

EC Number
 233-109-9


PubChem CID
  • 260

RTECS number
 MW3760000

UNII

  • 3IY7CNP8XJ ☒N




Properties

Chemical formula

 HI(aq)

Molar mass
 127.91
Appearance
 colorless liquid

Odor
 acrid

Density
 1.70 g/mL, azeotrope
(57% HI by weight)

Boiling point
 127 °C (261 °F; 400 K) 1.03 bar, azeotrope

Solubility in water

 Aqueous solution
Hazards


EU classification (DSD) (outdated)

 Corrosive (C)

R-phrases (outdated)
R34

S-phrases (outdated)
(S1/2), S26, S45

NFPA 704


Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water
Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas
Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen
Special hazard ACID: Acid.NFPA 704 four-colored diamond


0


3


0

ACID

Flash point
 Non-flammable
Related compounds

Other anions
Hydrofluoric acid
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrobromic acid

Related compounds
Hydrogen iodide

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).


Infobox references

Hydroiodic acid (or hydriodic acid) is a highly acidic aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide (HI)
(concentrated solution usually 48 - 57% HI). It is the second strongest hydrohalic acid, after hydroastatic acid. Hydroiodic acid is a commonly used chemical reagent and is one of the strong acids that ionize completely in an aqueous solution. Concentrated hydroiodic acid has a pH of less than 0.[citation needed]




Contents






  • 1 Reactions


    • 1.1 Cativa process


    • 1.2 Illicit uses




  • 2 References


  • 3 External links





Reactions


Hydroiodic acid readily reacts with oxygen in air, contributing to the deep colours associated with old samples;



4 HI + O2 → 2 H
2O + 2 I2

HI + I2 → HI3


Like other halogens, hydroiodic acid will perform addition reactions with unsaturated hydrocarbons such as alkenes.



Cativa process


The Cativa process is a major end use of hydroiodic acid, which serves as a co-catalyst for the production of acetic acid by the carbonylation of methanol.[1][2]


The catalytic cycle of the Cativa process


Illicit uses


Hydroiodic acid is listed as a U.S. Federal DEA List I Chemical, owing to its use as a reducing agent related to the production of methamphetamine from pseudoephedrine (recovered from nasal decongestant pills).[3] This reaction is stereospecific, producing only (d)-methamphetamine.



References





  1. ^ Jones, J. H. (2000). "The CativaTM Process for the Manufacture of Acetic Acid" (PDF). Platinum Metals Rev. 44 (3): 94–105..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Sunley, G. J.; Watson, D. J. (2000). "High productivity methanol carbonylation catalysis using iridium - The CativaTM process for the manufacture of acetic acid". Catalysis Today. 58 (4): 293–307. doi:10.1016/S0920-5861(00)00263-7.


  3. ^ Skinner, Harry F. "Methamphetamine Synthesis via HI/Red Phosphorus Reduction of Ephedrine". Forensic Science International, 48 128-134 (1990)




External links



  • International Chemical Safety Card 1326

  • European Chemicals Bureau




-

Popular posts from this blog

Shashamane

Image
city in Oromia, Ethiopia Shashamane ሻሸመኔ (in Amharic) , Shashemane (in Oromo) Shashe city Main Street Shashamane Shashamane Location within Ethiopia Coordinates: 7°12′N 38°36′E  /  7.200°N 38.600°E  / 7.200; 38.600 Country Ethiopia Region Oromia Zone Mirab Arsi Population (2012)  • Total 122,046 Time zone UTC+3 (EAT) Climate Cwb Shashamane (or Shashemene , Oromo) is a town and a separate woreda in West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The town lies on the Trans-African Highway 4 Cairo-Cape Town, about 150 miles (240 km) from the capital of Addis Ababa. It has a latitude of 7° 12' north and a longitude of 38° 36' east. The 2007 national census reported a total population for this town of 100,454, of whom 50,654 were men and 49,800 were women. A plurality of the inhabitants practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 43.44% of the population reporting they observed this belief, while 31.15% of the population said
Read more

Carrot

Image
Root vegetable, usually orange in color This article is about the cultivated vegetable. For other uses, see Carrot (disambiguation). Carrot Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade : Angiosperms Clade : Eudicots Clade : Asterids Order: Apiales Family: Apiaceae Genus: Daucus Species: D. carota Subspecies: D. c. subsp. sativus Trinomial name Daucus carota subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Schübl. & G. Martens The carrot ( Daucus carota subsp. sativus ) is a root vegetable, usually orange in colour, though purple, black, red, white, and yellow cultivars exist. [1] Carrots are a domesticated form of the wild carrot, Daucus carota , native to Europe and southwestern Asia. The plant probably originated in Persia and was originally cultivated for its leaves and seeds. The most commonly eaten part of the plant is the taproot, although the stems and leaves are eaten as well. The domestic carrot ha
Read more

Deprivation index

Image
Deprivation indices are a measure of the level of deprivation in an area. Examples include: Indices of deprivation 2004 (ID2004) Indices of deprivation 2007 (ID2007) Underprivileged area score Carstairs index Department of Environment Index v t e Indices of Deprivation National (general deprivation) Carstairs index Index of Multiple Deprivation 2000 (IMD2000) Indices of deprivation 2004 (ID2004) Indices of deprivation 2007 (ID2007) Indices of deprivation 2010 (ID2010) National (subject specific deprivation) Underprivileged area score Department of Environment Index This economics-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e This sociology-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e This page is only for reference, If you need detailed information, please check here
Read more