Unit train
A Deutsche Bahn unit train working for Daimler AG between the factories at Sindelfingen and Bremen
A unit train, also called a block train or a trainload service, is a train in which all cars (wagons) carry the same commodity and are shipped from the same origin to the same destination, without being split up or stored en route.[1]
They are distinct from wagonload trains, which comprise differing numbers of cars for various customers.[2]
Unit trains enable railways to compete more effectively with road and internal waterway transport systems. Time and money is saved by avoiding the complexities and delays that would otherwise be involved with assembling and disassembling trains at rail yards near the origin and destination. Unit trains are particularly efficient and economical for high-volume commodities. Since they often carry only one commodity, cars are of all the same type; often the cars are identical.
Use
Unit trains are typically used for the transportation of bulk goods. These can be solid substances such as:
Track ballast or gravel
Iron ore from mines to ports or steel mills
Coal from mines to power stations
Coke from coking plants to steel mills
- Steel
Bulk liquids are transported in unit trains made up of tank cars, such as:
Crude oil from oil fields to refineries (can be 60,000 barrels (9,500 m3) of oil in a unit train of 100 tank cars)[3]
Mineral oil products from the refineries to the storage facilities
Ethanol from ethanol plants to motor fuel blending facilities[4]
- Molten sulfur (non-US:sulphur)
Food, such as:
- Wheat
- Corn
- Fruit juice
- Refrigerated food
Other examples include:
Shipping containers, generally between a port and a truck depot
Cars in autoracks
- Aggregate
- Military Equipment (weapons)
Waste (garbage), usually for recycling, often metals or paper- Potash
- Taconite
Sand for hydraulic fracturing[5]
See also
- Coke Express
- Merry-go-round train
- Railex
Tropicana's Juice Train
References
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^ Oliver Wyman. "The Mixed Train Concept: The Best of Both Worlds for European Rail Freight?" (PDF). www.oliverwyman.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-06-26....trainload service (point to point, complete train for one customer) or wagonload service (single wagons for various customers, assembled into trains)
^ McGurty, Janet; Adler, Lynn; Gregorio, David (2011-07-22). "Union Pacific sees rail oil shipments quadrupling". Reuters.
^ Thompson, Stephen (September 2006). "Keep on Truckin': Ethanol boom creates transportation challenges". United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2011-05-19.
^ Cook, Pete (December 1, 2015). "Insights into the Largest Frac Sand Unit Train on Record". Petroleum Connection. Retrieved September 5, 2016.
