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Not to be confused with Jury tampering. Look up jury rigging in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Jury rigging is both a noun and a verb describing makeshift repairs made with only the tools and materials at hand. Its origin lies in such efforts done on boats and ships, characteristically sail powered to begin with. After a dismasting, a replacement mast and if necessary yard would be fashioned and stayed to allow a craft to resume making way. Contents 1 Etymology 2 Rigging 3 Similar phrases 4 See also 5 References 6 References for similar phrases 7 Further reading Etymology The adjectival use of "jury", in the sense of makeshift or temporary, has been said to date from at least 1616 when according to the 1933 edition of the Oxford Dictionary of the English Language it appeared in John Smith's A Description of New England . [1] It appeared in Smith's more extensive The General History of Virginia, New-England, and...

In long, slender structural elements — such as columns or truss bars — an increase of compressive force F leads to structural failure due to buckling at lower stress than the compressive strength. Compressive stress has stress units (force per unit area), usually with negative values to indicate the compaction. However, in geotechnical engineering, compressive stress is represented with positive values. Compressive stress is defined in the same way as the tensile stress but it has negative values so as to express the compression since dL has the opposite direction. ( L is the length of the object.) Compression stress= -( F/A) Where F= Force applied on the object. A= Area of cross section of the object. This engineering-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e This page is only for reference, If you need detailed information, please check here

For other uses, see Boom. 1 – boom, ... 1 – mainsail 2 – staysail 3 – Spinnaker 4 – hull 5 – keel 6 – rudder 7 – skeg 8 – spar 9 – Spreader 10 – Shroud 11 – sheet 12 – boom 13 - spar 14 – Spinnaker pole 15 – Backstay 16 – Forestay 17 – boom vang In sailing, a boom is a spar (pole), along the foot of a fore and aft rigged sail, [1] that greatly improves control of the angle and shape of the sail. The primary action of the boom is to keep the foot flatter when the sail angle is away from the centerline of the boat. The boom also serves as an attachment point for more sophisticated control lines. Because of the improved sail control it is rare to find a non-headsail without a boom, but lateen sails, for instance, are loose-footed. In some modern applications, the sail is rolled up into the boom for storage or reefing (shortening sail). Contents 1 Boom attachment 2 Lines on the boom 3 Boom material and hardware 4 In-boom furling 5...

This article is about non-cellular life. For the syncytial and plasmodial forms of cellular life sometimes referred to as "acellular", see Multinucleate. Non-cellular life , or acellular life is life that exists without a cellular structure for at least part of its life cycle. [1] Historically, most (descriptive) definitions of life postulated that a living organism must be composed of one or more cells, [2] but this is no longer considered necessary, and modern criteria allow for forms of life based on other structural arrangements. [3] [4] [5] [3] The primary candidates for non-cellular life are viruses. A minority of biologists consider viruses to be living organisms, but most do not. Their primary objection is that no known viruses are capable of autonomous reproduction: they must rely on cells to copy them. [1] [6] [7] [8] [9] However, the recent discovery of giant viruses that possess genes for part of the required translation machinery has raised the prospect...