Rdxfbgrtj

Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
Municipality
The Municipality of Londrina
Londrina in the afternoon
Flag Seal
Nickname(s):  Pequena Londres ("Little London") / Capital do Café ("Coffee Capital")
Location in Paraná
Londrina, Paraná, Brazil Location in Brazil.
Coordinates: 23°18′36″S 51°09′46″W / 23.31000°S 51.16278°W / -23.31000; -51.16278Coordinates: 23°18′36″S 51°09′46″W / 23.31000°S 51.16278°W / -23.31000; -51.16278
Country	Brazil
State	Paraná
Mesoregion	Norte Central Paranaense
Microregion	Londrina
Founded[clarification needed]	December 10, 1934
Government
• Mayor	Marcelo Belinati (PP)
Area
• Total	1,650.809 km2 (637 sq mi)
Elevation	610 m (2,000 ft)
Population (2013)
• Total	537,566
• Density	330/km2 (840/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Londrinense
Time zone	UTC-3 (BRT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-2 (BRST)
Postal Code	86000-000
Area code(s)	+55 43
Website	Official website

Londrina (Portuguese pronunciation: [lõˈdɾĩnɐ], literally Little London) is a city located in the north of the state of Paraná, South Region, Brazil, and is 369 km away from the state capital, Curitiba. It is the second largest city in the state and fourth largest in the southern region of the country, with 543,003 inhabitants in the city proper, and 818,300 in the metropolitan area.^[1]

Londrina was originally explored by British settlers, and then officially established in 1930 by a small group of Japanese and German settlers. It rapidly became the commercial, political, and cultural centre of the state's northern pioneer zone.^[2] Its universities include the State University of Londrina and the Federal Technological University of Paraná.

Demography

The city was named after British entrepreneurs who launched railroad stations in the region to ease the transportation of coffee grains from northern Paraná and southern São Paulo states to the port of Santos. The word Londrina, literally meaning "Londoner" or perhaps "Little London", pays homage to the British capital (Londres in Portuguese), since a London cotton company, Paraná Plantations Limited, made the original investment to settle in this area. The city's population consists of descendants of those settlers, mainly from England and Scotland, plus Portuguese, Japanese, Italian, German, Polish, African, Spanish, Native, Lebanese, Ukrainian and Bulgarian Brazilians, as well as some Brazilians from other cities or states.

Source: Census 2000

Climate

According to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification system, Londrina has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa).^[3] Average annual precipitation is 1,622.6 mm (63.9 in). Mean average annual temperature is 20.62 °C (69 °F).

Economy

Reproduction in scale 2:3 of the first Anglican chapel of the city, today on the campus of the State University of Londrina.

Agriculture continues to be Londrina's major economic activity, although its importance has diminished in recent years. Agricultural activity was diversified beyond coffee, and today corn, wheat, cotton, horticulture, beans, peanuts, rice, sugar cane, soy bean, and fruit plantations thrive due to the rich Northern Paraná/South Western São Paulo State "terra roxa" crimson soil. Although the city has increased its industrial park by adding weaving, textiles and agricultural factories, Londrina's main wealth continues to be agricultural production. Today, Londrina is also known for its commerce and service sectors. Moreover, real estate is another growing sector that has generated jobs and boosted even more the size of this city in Paraná.

It possesses one of the largest universities in the country, the State University of Londrina, as well as several private colleges.

The city is served by Londrina – Governador José Richa Airport.

Once a year, the city hosts the largest agricultural fair in Latin America, the Expo Londrina.

Soil

The fertile land of the region, "terra roxa" ("purple soil"), has this name due to a corruption and attempt to translate into Portuguese the term "terra rossa" ("red soil", in Italian), which Italian immigrants used to call it. The inhabitants of Northern Paraná state are often called "pé vermelho" ("red foot") because of their dust bowl-like region. The fertility of the soil is said to have originated in the biggest volcanic lava spill of the planet, known as The Spill of Trapp, that to a large extent occurred in the Center-South region of Brazil. During its golden era, (1920 to 1970), Londrina region accounted for 60% of all the coffee produced in the world, together with the west bank of the Paraná River,

Education

Academical Restaurant of State University of Londrina (UEL).

Portuguese is the official national language, and thus the primary language taught in schools. But English and Spanish are part of the official high school curriculum.

Colleges and universities

• 
  Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) - "State University of Londrina"


• 
  Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) - "Federal Technological University of Paraná"


• 
  Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUC-PR) - "Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná"


• 
  Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR) - "North Paraná University"


• 
  Centro Universitário Filadéfia (UniFil) - "Filadélfia University Center"


• 
  Faculdade Pitágoras - "Pitágoras College"


• 
  Faculdade Arthur Thomas (FAAT) - "Arthur Thomas College"


• 
  Faculdade Teologica Sul Americana (FTSA) - "South American Theological College"

Metropolitan region of Londrina

Instituted by State Complementary Law 81 on 17 June 1998, the Metropolitan Region of Londrina includes the cities of Londrina, Cambé, Ibiporã, Sertanópolis, Bela Vista do Paraíso, Jataizinho, Rolândia, Tamarana and Arapongas totaling 750 thousand inhabitants.

Religion

The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Londrina.

The city is home to two stakes of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints as well as the home of the Brazil Londrina Mission, which encompasses northern Paraná and some of São Paulo.

Sports

The city's football clubs include Londrina Esporte Clube, founded in 1956, and the Associação Portuguesa Londrinense founded in 1950. They play at Café stadium, a 45,000 spectator capacity stadium.

Inesul/Londrina, owned by INESUL - Instituto de Ensino Superior de Londrina, a higher education institution, is a city's major basketball club and competes in the Campeonato Brasileiro de Basquete.

Notable people

• 
  Dionatan Teixeira, footballer


• 
  Everson Maciel, footballer


• 
  Flávia de Oliveira, model


• 
  Giovane Élber, footballer


• 
  Rafinha, footballer


• 
  Jádson, footballer


• 
  Naldo, footballer


• 
  Fernandinho, footballer


• 
  Mario Sergio Cortella, philosopher


• 
  Michelle Alves, model


• 
  Victor Lazzarini, composer


• 
  Gilberto Godoy (Giba), volleyball player


• 
  Rogério Romero, swimmer

Twin towns

• 
  Modena, Italy


• 
  Toledo, United States
  


• 
  Zhenjiang,China

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Londrina.

• 
  Londrina travel guide from Wikivoyage


• 
  Official website (in Portuguese)
  


• 
  Official homepage (in English)