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Oakham
Cutts Close Park, with All Saints' Church in the background
Oakham Location within Rutland
Population	10,922 (2011 Census)
OS grid reference	SK857088
Unitary authority	Rutland
Ceremonial county	Rutland
Region	East Midlands
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	OAKHAM
Postcode district	LE15
Dialling code	01572
Police	Leicestershire
Fire	Leicestershire
Ambulance	East Midlands
EU Parliament	East Midlands
UK Parliament	Rutland and Melton
List of places UK England Rutland 52°40′14″N 0°44′00″W / 52.6705°N 0.7333°W / 52.6705; -0.7333Coordinates: 52°40′14″N 0°44′00″W / 52.6705°N 0.7333°W / 52.6705; -0.7333

Oakham is the county town of Rutland in the East Midlands of England, 25 miles (40.2 km) east of Leicester, 28 miles (45.1 km) south-east of Nottingham and 23 miles (37.0 km) west of Peterborough. Oakham has a population of 10,922, as of the 2011 census.^[1]

Oakham lies to the west of Rutland Water, one of the largest man-made lakes in Europe. It is in the Vale of Catmose and is built on an incline, varying from 325 ft (99 m) to 400 ft (120 m) above sea level. It is twinned with Barmstedt, Germany, and Dodgeville, Wisconsin, United States.

Governance

Local governance for Oakham is provided for by the single-tier unitary Rutland County Council, of which Oakham is the headquarters.

Lying within the historic county boundaries of Rutland from a very early time, from 1974 until 1997 Oakham lay within the non-metropolitan county of Leicestershire.

Oakham, along with Melton Mowbray in Leicestershire, and the rest of Rutland, has been represented at Westminster by the Conservative Member of Parliament Alan Duncan since 1992.

Demography

Women in the Oakham South East ward had the fifth highest life expectancy at birth, 95.7 years, of any ward in England and Wales in 2016.^[2]

Landmarks

Tourist attractions in Oakham include All Saints' Church and Oakham Castle. Another popular and historic feature is the open-air market held in the town's market square every Wednesday and Saturday (near the ancient octagonal Buttercross with its pyramidal roof and wooden stocks, a Grade I listed building).^[3]

All Saints' Church

The great hall of Oakham Castle, with the spire of All Saints' Church beyond

The impressive spire of Oakham parish church, built during the 14th century, dominates distant views of the town for several miles in all directions. Restored in 1857–58 by Sir George Gilbert Scott, the church is a Grade I listed building.^[4]

Oakham Castle

Only the great hall of the Norman castle is still standing, surrounded by steep earthworks marking the inner bailey. The hall dates from c. 1180–90 and according to Nikolaus Pevsner (in his The Buildings of England: Leicestershire and Rutland):

It is the earliest hall of any English castle surviving so completely, and it is doubly interesting in that it belonged not to a castle strictly speaking, but rather to a fortified manor house.

The building is attractively ornamented with Romanesque architectural details, including six carvings of musicians. It is a Grade I listed building.^[5]

The hall was in use as an assize court until 1970 and is still occasionally used as a coroner's court or Crown Court. It is also licensed for weddings.

The outer bailey of the castle, still surrounded by low earthworks, lies to the north of the castle. Known as Cutts Close, it is now a park with a bandstand, skateboard area, flowerbeds and children's play area. Some deep hollows in the park are the remnants of the castle's dried-up stew ponds (fishponds).^[6]

A Castle class corvette named HMS Oakham Castle was launched in July 1944.^[7]

Oakham's horseshoes

Ceremonial horseshoes in Oakham Castle

Traditionally, members of royalty and peers of the realm who visited or passed through the town had to pay a forfeit in the form of a horseshoe. This unique custom has been enforced for over 500 years, but nowadays it only happens on special occasions (such as royal visits), when an outsize ceremonial horseshoe, specially made and decorated, is hung in the great hall of the castle. There are now over 200 of these commemorative shoes on its walls. Not all are dated and some of the earliest (which would doubtless have been ordinary horseshoes given without ceremony by exasperated noblemen) may not have survived. The earliest datable one is an outsize example commemorating a visit by King Edward IV in about 1470. The horseshoes hang with the ends pointing down; while this is generally held to be unlucky, in Rutland this was thought to stop the Devil from sitting in the hollow. The horseshoe motif appears in the county council's arms and on the local Ruddles beer labels. Recent horseshoes commemorate visits by Princess Anne (1999), Prince Charles (2003) and Princess Alexandra (2005).^[6]

Rutland County Museum

The museum is located in the old Riding School of the Rutland Fencible Cavalry which was built in 1794–95.^[8] The museum houses a collection of objects relating to local rural and agricultural life, social history and archaeology.

Transport

Oakham railway station providing good links to Peterborough, Leicester, Birmingham and Stansted Airport

The Birmingham–Peterborough line runs through the town, providing links to Birmingham, Leicester, Peterborough, Cambridge and Stansted Airport. Oakham railway station is positioned approximately halfway between Peterborough railway station and Leicester railway station, at both of which passengers can board a train to London – either from Leicester to London St Pancras or from Peterborough to London King's Cross. There are also two direct services to London St Pancras (one early morning and one evening), and one evening return service from London St Pancras, each weekday.

There are good road links to:

• Leicester (25 miles),


• Nottingham (29 miles),


• Melton Mowbray (10 miles),


• 
  Uppingham (6 miles),


• 
  Corby (13 miles),


• 
  Stamford (11 miles).

The main route for travellers to Leicester by road is first south to Uppingham and then westward along the A47.

Oakham is on the A606 between Melton Mowbray and Stamford. On 10 January 2007, the A606 bypass opened diverting traffic from the town centre.

The Oakham Canal connected the town to the Melton Mowbray Navigation, the River Soar and the national waterways system between 1802 and 1847.

Education

Oakham Buttercross, with some buildings of Oakham School beyond

The town is home to Oakham School, one of the major English public schools, which was founded, together with Uppingham School, in 1584. The original school building survives, northeast of the church; across its south front is the inscription Schola Latina – Graeca – Hebraica A° 1584 and above its door is a stone with an inscription in Latin, Greek and Hebrew.

Oakham School is also the current owner of Oakham's former workhouse. Built in 1836–37 by Oakham Poor Law Union, it served as a workhouse for 167 inmates, until it became Catmose Vale Hospital. It now accommodates two school houses for girls.

Catmose College, founded in 1920, is a state-funded secondary school in the town. Harington School is a sixth form centre next to Catmose College. Rutland County College, formerly Rutland Sixth Form College, has now moved from the outskirts of the town to Great Casterton.

Sports and recreation

Oakham United Football Club won the Peterborough and District Football League in 2015, winning promotion to the United Counties League First Division, which lies at the 10th tier of the English football league system.

Oakham Rugby Football Club play at the Rutland Showground.

Oakham Cricket Club plays at the Lime Kilns off Cricket Lawns.

Notable people

• Stuart Broad


• Sir Jeffrey Hudson


• Titus Oates


• Weston Henry Stewart


• 
  Jonnie Peacock^{[citation needed]}
  

Street map

OpenStreetMap of Oakham

Gallery

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  All Saints' Church from footpath between Church Street and Market Place
  

  
  

  
  


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  All Saints' Church seen from Northgate
  

  
  

  
  


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  The stocks, under the Buttercross
  

  
  

  
  


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  Inscription above the Old School door
  

  
  

  
  


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  Cutts Close park - looking southwest towards the original Oakham School building, with the bandstand to the right
  

  
  

  
  


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  Plaque on Jeffery Hudson's Cottage
  

  
  

  
  


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  Dean's Street, a quiet back street
  

  
  

  
  

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Oakham.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Oakham.

• Oakham Town Council


• Oakham Town Partnership


• Discover Oakham


• All Saints Church, Oakham


• Oakham Castle


• Rutland County Council


• Oakham workhouse