Riprap




See also: Rubble and Debris











Riprap lining a lake shore





Concrete rubble used as riprap along the San Francisco Bay shoreline




Riprap stairway




Crews replacing riprap at Galveston Seawall after a 1915 hurricane


Riprap, also known as rip rap, rip-rap, shot rock, rock armor or rubble, is rock or other material used to armor shorelines, streambeds, bridge abutments, pilings and other shoreline structures against scour and water or ice erosion. Common rock types used include granite and limestone. Concrete rubble from building and paving demolition is sometimes used.


Underwater, riprap caps submerged tunnels to protect against accidental anchor strikes or sinking debris.



References



  • Ciria-CUR (2007) - Rock Manual - The use of rock in hydraulic engineering.

  • N.W.H. Allsop (2002) - Breakwaters, coastal structures and coastlines.

  • US Dept. of Transportation (2004) - Trail Construction and Maintenance Notebook



External links



  • Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources riprap guide

  • US Bureau of Reclamation publication on riprap for dam overtopping

  • Minnesota DNR

  • USGS Minerals Yearbook: Stone, Crushed










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