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The Fourth Republic is the republican government of Nigeria. Since 1999 it has governed the country according to the fourth republican constitution. It was in many ways a revival of the Second Republic, which was in place between 1979 and 1983 and suffers many of the same problems, such as multiple ministries which made policy planning difficult. Nigeria adopted the constitution of the Fourth Republic on May 29, 1999.
Contents
1Founding (1999)
2Presidents
3Political parties
4Constitutional amendments
5See also
6Further reading
7References
Founding (1999)
Following the death of military dictator and de facto ruler of Nigeria, General Sani Abacha in 1998, his successor General Abdusalami Abubakar initiated the transition which heralded Nigeria's return to democratic rule in 1999. The ban on political activities was lifted, and political prisoners were released from detention facilities. The constitution was styled after the ill-fated Second Republic — which saw the Westminster system of government jettisoned for an American Presidential system. Political parties were formed (People's Democratic Party (PDP), All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP), and Alliance for Democracy (AD)), and elections were set for April 1999. In the widely monitored 1999 election, former military ruler Olusegun Obasanjo was elected on the PDP platform. On 29 May 1999, Obasanjo was sworn in as President and Commander-in-Chief of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
In the controversial general election on 21 April 2007, Umaru Yar'Adua of the PDP was elected President.
Following the death of Umaru Yar'Adua on 5 May 2010, Goodluck Jonathan became the third president(Interim) and later won the election the following year which was largely accredited as freer and fairer than all the previous elections of the 4th Republic. Muhammadu Buhari then won the general elections on 28 March 2015 after the PDP rule of sixteen years (1999–2015).
Presidents
Presidents during the Nigerian Fourth Republic
President
Term
Party
Olusegun Obasanjo
29 May 1999 – 29 May 2007
PDP
Umaru Yar'Adua
29 May 2007 – 5 May 2010
PDP
Goodluck Jonathan
6 May 2010 – 29 May 2015
PDP
Muhammadu Buhari
May 2015 -
APC
Political parties
Africa Action Congress (AAC)
All Progressives Congress (APC)
Alliance for Democracy (AD)
All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP)
All People's Party (APP)
All Progressives Grand Alliance
Democratic People's Alliance (DPA)
National Democratic Party (NDP)
New Democrats (ND)
People's Democratic Party (PDP)
Progressive Peoples Alliance (PPA)
People's Redemption Party (PRP)
People's Salvation Party (PSP)
United Nigeria People's Party (UNPP)
Fresh Democratic Party (FDP)
National Conscience Party (NCP)
Justice Party (JP)
Masses Movement of Nigeria (MMN)
Labour Party (LP)
Kowa party
Social Democratic Party (SDP)
Constitutional amendments
Third Term Agenda
See also
Nigerian First Republic (1963–66)
Nigerian Second Republic (1979–83)
Nigerian Third Republic (1993)
Further reading
John A. Ayoade, and Adeoye A. Akinsanya, eds. Nigeria's Critical Election, 2011 (Lexington Books; 2012)
References
The History of Nigeria
Media Accountability and Democracy in Nigeria
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Heads of State of Nigeria
Queen (1960–1963)
Elizabeth II
President of the First Republic (1963–1966)
Azikiwe
Military regime (1966–1979)
Aguiyi-Ironsi
Gowon
Mohammed
Obasanjo
President of the Second Republic (1979–1983)
Shehu Shagari
Military regime (1983–1999)
Buhari
Babangida
Shonekan (interim)*
Abacha
Abubakar
President of the Fourth Republic (from 1999)
Obasanjo
Yar'Adua
Jonathan
Buhari
*civilian; headed transition to abortive Third Republic
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"Italian restaurant" redirects here. For the television series, see Italian Restaurant. Some typical Italian gastronomic products in a window display in Imola Pizza is one of the world's most popular foods and a common fast food item Part of a series on the Culture of Italy History People Languages Traditions Mythology and folklore Mythology folklore Cuisine Festivals Religion Art Literature Music and performing arts Music Media Television Cinema Sport Monuments World Heritage Sites Symbols Flag Coat of arms Italy portal v t e Italian cuisine History Ancient Roman cuisine Medieval cuisine Early modern cuisine Contemporary cuisine Regional cuisines Apulian cuisine Lombard cuisine Neapolitan cuisine Roman cuisine Sicilian cuisine Venetian cuisine Cuisine of Abruzzo Cuisine of Sardinia Lists Chefs Dishes Pas...
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