Shiromani Akali Dal




This article is about the Shiromani Akali (Badal) which is recognised by the Election Commission of India as the Shiromani Akali Dal. For other uses, see Shiromani Akali Dal (disambiguation).




































































Shiromani Akali Dal
President Sukhbir Singh Badal
Lok Sabha leader Prem Singh Chandumajra
Rajya Sabha leader Naresh Gujral
Founded 14 October 1920 (98 years ago) (1920-10-14)
Headquarters Block #6, Madhya Marg
Sector 28, Chandigarh
Student wing
Student Organisation of India [1] (SOI)[2]
Youth wing Youth Akali Dal
Ideology
Punjabiyat[3]
Punjabi nationalism[4]
Conservatism[5]
Political position Right-wing
Colours Orange  

ECI Status		 State Party[6]
Alliance National Democratic Alliance
Seats in Lok Sabha

4 / 545

[7](currently 522 members + 1 Speaker)
Seats in Rajya Sabha

3 / 245
Election symbol
Weighing Balance
Website
www.shiromaniakalidal.net

  • Politics of India

  • Political parties

  • Elections


The Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) (translation: Supreme Akali Party) is a political party in India. There are a large number of parties with the name "Shiromani Akali Dal". The party recognised as "Shiromani Akali Dal" by the Election Commission of India is the one led by Sukhbir Singh Badal. It controls Sikh religious bodies Shiromani Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee, Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee and is the largest and most influential Sikh political party worldwide. The basic philosophy of Akali Dal is to give a political voice to Sikh issues and it believes that religion and politics go hand in hand. Shiromani Akali Dal is part of the BJP led NDA.




Contents






  • 1 History


    • 1.1 British India


    • 1.2 Independent India




  • 2 Present political position


  • 3 Party presidents


  • 4 Punjab Chief Minister belonging to Akali Dal


  • 5 In general elections


  • 6 In state elections


    • 6.1 Punjab


    • 6.2 Haryana


    • 6.3 Delhi




  • 7 See also


  • 8 References


  • 9 Bibliography


  • 10 External links





History



British India


Further information: Akali movement

Akali Dal was formed on 14 December 1920 as a task force of the Shiromani Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee, the Sikh religious body. The Akali Dal considers itself the principal representative of Sikhs. Sardar Sarmukh Singh Chubbal was the first president of a unified proper Akali Dal, but it became popular under Master Tara Singh.[citation needed]


In the provincial election of 1937, the Akali Dal won 10 seats. The Khalsa Nationalists won 11 seats and joined the coalition government headed by the Unionist leader Sikander Hyat Khan. The Akalis sat in opposition and made occasional forays into reaching an understanding with the Muslim League, which never reached fruition.[8]


In the provincial election of 1946, the Akali Dal won 22 seats and joined the coalition government headed by the Unionist Khizar Hayat Khan Tiwana, along with the Indian National Congress. The Muslim League was unable to capture power, despite having won the largest number of seats, which perhaps suited it fine as it strengthened its Pakistan demand. The Muslim League launched a civil disobedience campaign, bringing down the Tiwana government by March 1947. The rest of the period till Indian independence was filled by Governor's Rule.[9]



Independent India


In the 1950s, the party launched the Punjabi Suba movement, demanding a state with majority of Punjabi speaking people, out of undivided East Punjab under the leadership of Sant Fateh Singh. In 1966, the present Punjab was formed. Akali Dal came to power in the new Punjab, but early governments didn't live long due to internal conflicts and power struggles within the party. Later, party strengthened and party governments completed full term.



Present political position


The previous Punjab government was formed by Akali Dal in partnership with its regional and national ally Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). It had 59 members in Punjab Legislative Assembly and combined with 12 of BJP, formed a majority government. Party patron and ex-president Parkash Singh Badal was the Chief Minister of Punjab and the party president Sukhbir Singh Badal was deputy-chief minister. The party lost the elections held on 04th February 2017. Currently the party has 15 MLAs in the 117 seat Punjab Assembly. The party has 4 members in the Lok Sabha. The party's main political opponent is Indian National Congress. In the recent[when?] Delhi Assembly elections it did not retain the one seat it held in 2013 elections.



Party presidents


Following is the list of presidents of the party as given on party website.



  • Surmukh Singh Jhabhal

  • Baba Kharak Singh

  • Master Tara Singh

  • Gopal Singh Kaumi

  • Tara Singh Thethar

  • Teja Singh Akarpu

  • Babu Labh Singh

  • Udam Singh Ji Nagoke

  • Giani Kartar Singh

  • Pritam Singh Gojran (Gujjran Sangrur)

  • Hukam Singh

  • Fateh Singh

  • Achar Singh

  • Bhupinder Singh

  • Mohan Singh Tur

  • Jagdev Singh Talwandi

  • Harchand Singh Longowal

  • Surjit Singh Barnala

  • Simranjit Singh Mann

  • Parkash Singh Badal

  • Sukhbir Singh Badal



Punjab Chief Minister belonging to Akali Dal




  • Gurnam Singh (8 March 1967 – 25 November 1967)


  • Lachhman Singh Gill (25 November 1967 – 23 August 1968)


  • Gurnam Singh (17 February 1969 – 27 March 1970)


  • Parkash Singh Badal (27 March 1970 – 14 June 1971)


  • Parkash Singh Badal ( 20 June 1977 – 17 February 1980)


  • Surjit Singh Barnala (29 September 1985 – 11 June 1987)


  • Parkash Singh Badal (12 February 1997 – 26 February 2002)


  • Parkash Singh Badal (1 March 2007 – 16 March 2017)



In general elections
Year
 General election
 Seats won
 Change in # of seats
 Percentage of vote
 Vote swing

Indian general election, 1945
6th Central Legislative Assembly
 2
Increase 2


Indian general election, 1951
1st Lok Sabha
 4
0.99%

Indian general election, 1957
2nd Lok Sabha
 0 ?
Decrease4


Indian general election, 1962
3rd Lok Sabha
 3
Increase3
 0.72%

Indian general election, 1967
4th Lok Sabha
 0[10][better source needed]
Decrease3


Indian general election, 1971
5th Lok Sabha
 1
Increase1
 0.87%

Indian general election, 1977
6th Lok Sabha
 9
Increase8
 1.26%

Indian general election, 1980
7th Lok Sabha
 1
Decrease 8
 0.71%

Indian general election, 1984
8th Lok Sabha
 7
Increase 7
 17.9%

Indian general election, 1989
9th Lok Sabha
 0
Decrease7


Indian general election, 1991
10th Lok Sabha
 0
 Steady


Indian general election, 1996
11th Lok Sabha
 8
Increase 8
 0.76%

Indian general election, 1998
12th Lok Sabha
 8
 Steady 0.81%

Indian general election, 1999
13th Lok Sabha
 10
Increase 2
 25.58%

Indian general election, 2004
14th Lok Sabha
 8
Decrease 2
 34.28%

Indian general election, 2009
15th Lok Sabha
 4
Decrease 4
 0.96%

Indian general election, 2014
16th Lok Sabha
 4
 Steady 20.30%
Decrease 13.55%


In state elections



Punjab



  • 1937

  • 1946

  • 1952

  • 1957

  • 1962

  • 1967

  • 1969

  • 1972

  • 1977

  • 1980

  • 1985

  • 1992

  • 1997

  • 2002

  • 2007

  • 2012

  • 2017



Haryana



  • 2009

  • 2014



Delhi



  • 2013

  • 2015



See also



  • Splinter groups of the Akali Dal

  • Sikhism

  • Tara Singh

  • Babu Labh Singh

  • Akali (disambiguation)



References





  1. ^ "SOI"..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "SOI Clash". Retrieved 25 April 2014.


  3. ^ "SAD aims to widen reach, to contest UP poll". The Tribune. Chandigarh. 8 October 2015. Retrieved 8 October 2015.


  4. ^ Pandher, Sarabjit (3 September 2013). "In post-Independence India, the SAD launched the Punjabi Suba morcha in the 1960s, seeking the re-organisation of Punjab on linguistic basis". The Hindu. Retrieved 15 September 2015.


  5. ^ Grover, Verinder (1996). Encyclopaedia of India and Her States: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir and Punjab, Volume 4. Deep & Deep. p. 578.


  6. ^ "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013" (PDF). India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.


  7. ^ "Members: Lok Sabha". loksabha.nic.in. Lok Sabha Secretariat. Retrieved 17 December 2018.


  8. ^ Jalal, The Sole Spokesman 1994, p. 23, 97.


  9. ^ Talbot, Pakistan: A Modern History 1998, p. 74.


  10. ^ Akali Dal – Sant Fateh Singh, a splinter group won 3 seats




Bibliography




  • Jalal, Ayesha (1994) [First published 1985], The Sole Spokesman: Jinnah, the Muslim League and the Demand for Pakistan, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-45850-4


  • Jalal, Ayesha (2002), Self and Sovereignty: Individual and Community in South Asian Islam Since 1850, Routledge, ISBN 978-1-134-59937-0


  • Talbot, Ian (1998), Pakistan: A Modern History, St. Martin's Press, ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1

  • Harjinder Singh Dilgeer. Sikh Twareekh. Sikh University Press, Belgium, 2007. 5 volumes (in Punjabi)

  • Harjinder Singh Dilgeer. Sikh History. Sikh University Press, Belgium, 2010-11. 10 volumes

  • Harjinder Singh Dilgeer. Shiromani Akali Dal (1920-2000). Sikh University Press, Belgium, 2001.



External links


  • Official website










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