Broad Front (Uruguay)
Broad Front Frente Amplio | |
|---|---|
 | |
| President | Javier Miranda |
| Founded | 5 February 1971 |
| Headquarters | Colonia 1367, Montevideo, Uruguay |
| Newspaper | Voces del Frente |
| Ideology | Democratic socialism[1] Social democracy[1] |
| Political position | Centre-left[2][3] to left-wing[4][5] |
| International affiliation | COPPPAL Foro de São Paulo Socialist International Progressive Alliance Alliance of Democrats (Defunct) |
| Chamber of Senators | 16 / 30 |
| Chamber of Deputies | 50 / 99 |
| Intendencias | 6 / 19 |
| Mayors | 37 / 112 |
| Party flag | |
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| Website | |
| http://www.frenteamplio.org.uy/ | |
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The Broad Front (Spanish: Frente Amplio, FA) is a Uruguayan centre-left to left-wing coalition of political parties. Frente Amplio has close ties with PIT-CNT trade union and the cooperative housing movement. It has been the governing party of Uruguay since 2005; Presidents Tabaré Vázquez and José Mujica are members of the party.
Contents
1 History
2 Splits
3 Ideology
4 2004 electoral strength
5 Results in the 2004 internal elections
6 Electoral results
6.1 Latest elections
6.2 Presidential
6.3 Parliament
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
History
Frente Amplio was founded as a coalition of more than a dozen fractured leftist parties and movements in 1971. The first president of the front and its first candidate for the presidency of the country was General Liber Seregni. The front was declared illegal during 1973 military coup d'état of and emerged again in 1984 when democracy was restored in Uruguay.
In 1994 Progressive Encounter (Encuentro Progresista) was formed by several minor independent factions and the Frente Amplio. EP and FA started contesting elections jointly under the name Encuentro Progresista - Frente Amplio. Later another force, Nuevo Espacio, became linked to the front. Thus it started contesting elections as Encuentro Progresista - Frente Amplio - Nueva Mayoria.
In 2005 member organizations of Progressive Encounter and New Majority (essentially Nuevo Espacio) merged into the front, and the coalition took the name of the larger force, Frente Amplio. Previously, EP and later NM had been allied with FA but organizationally separate structures.
At the 2004 general election, the party won 51.7% of the popular vote and 52 out of 99 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 17 out of 31 in the Senate, while its presidential candidate, Tabaré Vázquez, won the presidential election. The Front retained its majority and the presidency in the 2009 election with José Mujica elected as president.
The alliance is - as far as available - formed by:
Asamblea Uruguay (Uruguay Assembly) led by Danilo Astori
Partido Socialista del Uruguay (Socialist Party of Uruguay) led by Daniel Martínez
Partido Comunista del Uruguay (Communist Party of Uruguay) led by Eduardo Lorier
Corriente 78 (Current 78)
Nuevo Espacio (New Space) led by Rafael Michelini
Vertiente Artiguista (Artiguist Stream) led by Enrique Rubio
Movimiento de Participación Popular (Movement of Popular Participation) led by Lucía Topolansky
Partido Demócrata Cristiano del Uruguay (Christian Democratic Party of Uruguay)
Partido de los Comunes (Party of the Communes)
Confluencia Frenteamplio (Broad Front Confluence)
Alianza Progresista (Progressive Alliance) led by Rodolfo Nin Novoa
Partido por la Victoria del Pueblo (People's Victory Party)
Splits
Along its history, despite the fact of constantly attracting political factions from other parties, the Broad Front suffered some splits as well:
- In 1989, the Party for the Government of the People and the Christian Democratic Party of Uruguay left the Broad Front to conform a new moderate-left coalition.
- In 1993, the extreme-leftist Oriental Revolutionary Movement split and formed a political party on its own.
- In April 2006 there was another split from the extreme left: the March 26 Movement and other groups left and formed a new coalition, Popular Assembly.
Ideology
The Broad Front consists primarily of progressive political parties. It has tended to follow policies favouring a socialist economy with expanded social programs. Not all the parties in the Broad Front can be considered left-wing, indeed some lean towards fiscal conservatism or social conservatism. Uruguay Assembly of Danilo Astori can be considered a centrist party and Astori has followed fiscal conservative policies as finance minister, whereas the Christian Democratic Party is vocally opposed to abortion. Tabaré Vázquez during his presidency maintained his pro-life stance, in contrast to the stance of many in his own Socialist Party, leading him to leave his positions in the party.[6]
2004 electoral strength
| Parties and alliances | Votes | Chamber of Deputies | Chamber of Senators | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | Seats | % | Seats | ||
Broad Front – Progressive Encounter – New Majority (Frente Amplio – Encuentro Progresista – Nueva Mayoría)
| 51.7 | 52 | 17 | ||
National Party (Partido Nacional-Blancos) | 35.1 | 36 | 11 | ||
Colorado Party (Partido Colorado) | 10.6 | 10 | 3 | ||
Independent Party (Partido Independiente) | 1.9 | 1 | - | ||
| Total (turnout %) | | 99 | | 31 | |
| Source: Electoral Court and El País Uruguay, Angus Reid | |||||
Results in the 2004 internal elections
In 2004 the first internal elections for EP-FA-NM was held. Previously elections had only been held within FA.
| List | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 609 | Espacio 609 | Movimiento de Participación Popular | 148,426 | 33.18 |
| Izquierda Abierta | ||||
| Movimiento Claveles Rojos | ||||
| Columna Blanca | ||||
| 90 | Espacio 90 | Partido Socialista | 79,090 | 17.68 |
| Movimiento Socialista Emilio Frugoni | ||||
| Partido por la Seguridad Social | ||||
| Acción Renovadora | ||||
| 2121 | Espacio 2121 | Asamblea Uruguay | 40,741 | 9.11 |
| Movimiento Popular Frenteamplista | ||||
| 738 | Alianza Progresista | Confluencia Frenteamplista | 37,628 | 8.41 |
Corriente 78 | ||||
Partido Demócrata Cristiano | ||||
| Corriente Encuentrista Independiente | ||||
| 77 | Vertiente Artiguista | Artiguismo y Unidad | 34,536 | 7.72 |
| Izquierda Democrática Independiente | ||||
| 99000 | Nuevo Espacio | 30,762 | 6.88 | |
| 1001 | Democracía Avanzada | Partido Comunista del Uruguay | 26,569 | 5.94 |
| Frente Izquierda de Liberación | ||||
| 326 | Movimiento 26 de Marzo | 12,175 | 2.72 | |
| 1303 | Corriente Popular | 8,776 | 1.96 | |
| 1813 | Liga Federal Frenteamplista | 7,425 | 1.66 | |
| 5271 | Corriente de Izquierda | Tendencia Marxista | 5,233 | 1.17 |
| Alternativa Popular 1815 - Espacio Solidario | ||||
| Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores-CI | ||||
| Unión Popular | ||||
| 567 | Unión Frenteamplista | Partido por la Victoria del Pueblo | 2,664 | 0.64 |
| 9393 | Corriente de Unidad Frenteamplista | 2,354 | 0.53 | |
| 1968 | Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores-IV Internacional | 387 | 0.09 | |
| 871 | Partido Obrero Revolucionario (Trotskista-Posadista) | 371 | 0.08 | |
| 5205 | Movimiento 20 de Mayo | 198 | 0.04 | |
| 11815 | 86 | 0.02 | ||
| 2571 | Agrupación 5 de Febrero de 1971 | 23 | 0.01 | |
| Total: 447,313 | ||||
Electoral results
Latest elections
| Parties | Votes | % | Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber of Deputies | Senate | |||
Broad Front | 1,105,262 | 49.34 | 50 | 16 |
National Party | 669,942 | 29.90 | 30 | 9 |
Colorado Party | 392,307 | 17.51 | 17 | 5 |
Independent Party | 57,360 | 2.56 | 2 | — |
Popular Assembly | 15,428 | 0.69 | — | — |
| Total | 2,240,299 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters | 2,563,250 | 89.86% turnout | ||
| Source: Corte Electoral | ||||
Presidential
| Election year | Candidate | 1st round | 2nd round | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | ||
1994 | Tabaré Vázquez | 621,226 | 30.6 (#3) | ||
1999 | Tabaré Vázquez | 861,202 | 40.1 (#1) | 982,049 | 45.9 (#2) |
2004 | Tabaré Vázquez | 1,124,761 | 51.7 (#1) | ||
2009 | José Mujica | 1,105,262 | 48.0 (#1) | 1,197,638 | 52.4 (#1) |
2014 | Tabaré Vázquez | 1,134,187 | 47.8 (#1) | 1,226,105 | 56.2 (#1) |
Parliament
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall Chamber seats won | +/- | # of overall Senate seats won | +/- | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1994 | 621,226 | 30.6 (#3) | 31 / 99 | 9 / 31 | |||
1999 | 861,202 | 40.1 (#1) | 40 / 99 |  9 | 12 / 31 | 3 | |
2004 | 1,124,761 | 51.7 (#1) | 52 / 99 | 12 | 17 / 31 | 5 | |
2009 | 1,093,869 | 47.5 (#1) | 50 / 99 |  2 | 16 / 30 | 1 | |
2014 | 1,134,187 | 49.45 (#1) | 50 / 99 |  0 | 15 / 30 | 1 |
See also
- Politics of Uruguay
References
^ ab Gregory, Stephen (2009), Intellectuals and Left Politics in Uruguay, 1958-2006, Sussex Academic Press, p. 129.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ Gregory, Stephen (2009), Intellectuals and Left Politics in Uruguay, 1958-2006, Sussex Academic Press, p. 4
^ Mainwaring, Scott; Scully, Timothy R. (2003), "The Diversity of Christian Democracy in Latin America", Christian Democracy in Latin America, Stanford University Press, p. 49
^ Schooley, Helen (2001), "Uruguay — History", South America, Central America and the Caribbean 2002, Europa Publications, p. 760
^ Busky, Donald F. (2002), Communism in History and Theory: Asia, Africa, and the Americas, Praeger Publishers, p. 224
^ Vázquez leaves Socialist Party
External links
- Official website
Political parties in Uruguay  | |
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| Unrepresented |
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| Defunct parties |
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