CD59 antigen
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| u-PAR/Ly-6 domain | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Crystallographic structure of non-glycosylated human CD59.[1] | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | UPAR_LY6 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF00021 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR001526 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC00756 | ||||||||
| SCOP | 1erg | ||||||||
| SUPERFAMILY | 1erg | ||||||||
| CDD | cd00117 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
CD59 antigen (also called 1F-5Ag, H19, HRF20, MACIF, MIRL, P-18 or protectin) inhibits formation of membrane attack complex (MAC), thus protecting cells from complement-mediated lysis. It has a signaling role, as a GPI anchored molecule, in T cell activation and appears to have some role in cell adhesion through CD2 (controversial). CD59 associates with C9, inhibiting incorporation into C5b-8 preventing terminal steps in polymerization of the (MAC) in plasma membranes. Genetic defects in GPI-anchor attachment that cause a reduction or loss of both CD59 and CD55 on erythrocytes produce the symptoms of the disease paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH).
A variety of GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins are composed of one or more copies of a conserved domain of about 100 amino-acid residues.[2][3] Among these proteins, U-PAR contains three tandem copies of the domain, while all the others are made up of a single domain.
As shown in the following schematic, this conserved domain contains 10 cysteine residues involved in five disulfide bonds - in U-PAR, the first copy of the domain lacks the fourth disulfide bond.
+------+ +------------------------+ +---+
| | | | | |
xCxxCxxxxxxCxxxxxCxxxxxCxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxCxxxxCxxxxxxxxxxxxxxCCxxxCxxxxxxxx
| | | |
+---------------------+ +--------------+
'C': conserved cysteine involved in a disulfide bond.
CD molecules are leucocyte antigens on cell surfaces. CD antigens nomenclature is updated at Protein Reviews On The Web (http://mpr.nci.nih.gov/prow/).
Subfamilies
Urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor InterPro: IPR003631
Cell-surface glycoprotein Ly-6/CD59 InterPro: IPR003632
Human proteins containing this domain
ARS; CD177; CD59; LY6D; LY6E; LY6H; LYNX1;
LYPD2; LYPD3; LYPD4; LYPD5; LYPD6; PLAUR; PSCA;
SLURP2; SLURP1; SPACA4; TEX101;
References
^ PDB: 2J8B; Leath KJ, Johnson S, Roversi P, Hughes TR, Smith RA, Mackenzie L, Morgan BP, Lea SM (August 2007). "High-resolution structures of bacterially expressed soluble human CD59". Acta Crystallographica Section F. 63 (Pt 8): 648–52. doi:10.1107/S1744309107033477. PMC 2335151. PMID 17671359..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ Patthy L, Blasi F, Behrendt N, Ploug M, Houen G, Dano K (1991). "The ligand-binding domain of the cell surface receptor for urokinase-type plasminogen activator". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (12): 7842–7847. PMID 1850423.
^ Ploug M, Dano K, Kjalke M, Ronne E, Weidle U, Hoyer-Hansen G (1993). "Localization of the disulfide bonds in the NH2-terminal domain of the cellular receptor for human urokinase-type plasminogen activator. A domain structure belonging to a novel superfamily of glycolipid-anchored membrane proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (23): 17539–17546. PMID 8394346.
