Archbishop of York















































Archbishop of York
Bishopric
anglican


Archbishop of York arms.svg
Arms of the Archbishop of York: Gules, two keys in saltire the wards upwards argent in chief a regal crown proper[1]

Incumbent:
John Sentamu
since 30 November 2005
Style The Most Revd and Rt Hon
Province York
Diocese York
Cathedral York Minster
Residence Bishopthorpe Palace
First holder Paulinus of York
Formation Bishopric in 626
Archbishopric in 735
Website archbishopofyork.org

























The Archbishop of York is a senior bishop in the Church of England, second only to the Archbishop of Canterbury. The archbishop is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of York and the metropolitan bishop of the Province of York, which covers the northern regions of England (north of the Trent) as well as the Isle of Man. The Archbishop of York is an ex officio member of the House of Lords and is styled Primate of England (the Archbishop of Canterbury is the "Primate of All England").


The archbishop's throne (cathedra) is in York Minster in central York and the official residence is Bishopthorpe Palace in the village of Bishopthorpe outside York. The incumbent, from 5 October 2005, is John Sentamu who signs as +Sentamu Ebor: (since both John and Sentamu are his forenames).


Six of the early bishops of York and one archbishop (William of York) were ultimately canonised by the Roman Catholic Church, and five more historically recent archbishops ultimately achieved the supreme Archbishopric of Canterbury.




Contents






  • 1 History


    • 1.1 Roman


    • 1.2 Saxon, Viking and Medieval times


    • 1.3 English Reformation




  • 2 Present


  • 3 List of archbishops


    • 3.1 Pre-Conquest


    • 3.2 Conquest to Reformation


    • 3.3 Post-Reformation




  • 4 Footnotes


  • 5 See also


  • 6 Sources


    • 6.1 Notes


    • 6.2 References




  • 7 Further reading


  • 8 External links





History



Roman



There was a bishop in Eboracum (Roman York) from very early times; during the Middle Ages, it was thought to have been one of the dioceses established by the legendary King Lucius. Bishops of York are known to have been present at the councils of Arles (Eborius) and Nicaea (unnamed). However, this early Christian community was later destroyed by the pagan Anglo-Saxons and there is no direct succession from these bishops to the post-Augustinian ones.



Saxon, Viking and Medieval times


The diocese was refounded by Paulinus (a member of Augustine's mission) in the 7th century. Notable among these early bishops is Wilfrid. These early bishops of York acted as diocesan rather than archdiocesan prelates until the time of Ecgbert of York,[a] who received the pallium from Pope Gregory III in 735 and established metropolitan rights in the north. Until the Danish invasion the archbishops of Canterbury occasionally exercised authority, and it was not until the Norman Conquest that the archbishops of York asserted their complete independence.


At the time of the Norman invasion York had jurisdiction over Worcester, Lichfield, and Lincoln, as well as the dioceses in the Northern Isles and Scotland. But the first three sees just mentioned were taken from York in 1072. In 1154 the suffragan sees of the Isle of Man and Orkney were transferred to the Norwegian archbishop of Nidaros (today's Trondheim), and in 1188 all the Scottish dioceses except Whithorn were released from subjection to York, so that only the dioceses of Whithorn, Durham, and Carlisle remained to the archbishops as suffragan sees. Of these, Durham was practically independent, for the palatine bishops of that see were little short of sovereigns in their own jurisdiction. Sodor and Man were returned to York during the 14th century, to compensate for the loss of Whithorn to the Scottish Church.


Several of the archbishops of York held the ministerial office of Lord Chancellor of England and played some parts in affairs of state. As Peter Heylyn (1600–1662) wrote: "This see has yielded to the Church eight saints, to the Church of Rome three cardinals, to the realm of England twelve Lord Chancellors and two Lord Treasurers, and to the north of England two Lord Presidents." The bishopric's role was also complicated by continued conflict over primacy with the see of Canterbury.



English Reformation


At the time of the English Reformation, York possessed three suffragan sees, Durham, Carlisle and Sodor and Man, to which during the brief space of Queen Mary I's reign (1553–1558) may be added the Diocese of Chester, founded by Henry VIII, but subsequently recognised by the Pope.


Until the mid 1530s (and from 1553-1558) the bishops and archbishops were in communion with the pope in Rome. This is no longer the case, as the Archbishop of York, together with the rest of the Church of England, is a member of the Anglican Communion.


Walter de Grey purchased York Place as his London residence, which after the fall of Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, was renamed the Palace of Whitehall.



Present


The Archbishop of York is the metropolitan bishop of the Province of York and is the junior of the two archbishops of the Church of England after the Archbishop of Canterbury.[3] Since 5 October 2005, the incumbent is the Most Reverend John Sentamu who is also an ex officio member of the House of Lords.


The Province of York includes 10 Anglican dioceses in Northern England: Blackburn, Carlisle, Chester, Durham, Liverpool, Manchester,
Newcastle, Sheffield, Leeds, and York,
as well as 2 other dioceses: Southwell and Nottingham in the Midlands and Sodor and Man covering the Isle of Man.



List of archbishops



Pre-Conquest












































































































































































Bishops of York
From
Until
Incumbent
Notes
625
633

Paulinus
Formerly a monk at St. Andrew's Monastery in Rome; translated to Rochester; canonised.[4]

633

664

See vacant
664
669

Chad
Resigned the see of York; later became Bishop of Mercia and Lindsey; canonised.
664
678

Wilfrid (I)
Ejected from York; later became Bishop of Selsey[b]canonised.
678
706

Bosa
Canonised.
706
714

John of Beverley

Translated from Hexham; resigned the see; canonised in 1037.
714
732

Wilfrid (II)
Resigned the see; canonised.
c. 732

735

Ecgbert
York elevated to Archbishopric in 735.
Pre-Conquest Archbishops of York
From
Until
Incumbent
Notes

735
766

Ecgbert
York elevated to Archbishopric in 735.
c. 767
c. 780

Æthelbert
Also known as Æthelbeorht, Adalberht, Ælberht, Aelberht, Aldbert or Æthelbert.
c. 780
796

Eanbald (I)

796
c. 808

Eanbald (II)

c. 808
c. 834

Wulfsige

837
854

Wigmund

854
c. 896

Wulfhere
Fled the Danes in 872, returned in 873.
900
c. 916

Æthelbald
Sometimes known as Æthelbeald, Athelbald, or Ethelbald.
c. 916
931

Hrotheweard
Sometimes known as Lodeward.
931
956

Wulfstan (I)

c. 958
971

Oscytel
Also known as Oscytel. Translated from Dorchester.
971

Edwald
Also known as Edwaldus or Ethelwold.
971
992

Oswald
Held both the sees of York and Worcester; canonised.
995
1002

Ealdwulf
Held both the sees of York and Worcester.
1002
1023

Wulfstan (II)
Also known as Lupus. Also held the see of Worcester (1002–1016).
1023
1051

Ælfric Puttoc
Also held the see of Worcester (1040–1041).
1051
1060

Cynesige
Also known as Kynsige.
1061
1069

Ealdred
Also known as Aldred. Held the see of Worcester 1046–1061, of Hereford 1056–1060, and of York 1061–1069.
Footnote(s):[c] and Source(s):[7][8]


Conquest to Reformation



















































































































































































































































































Archbishops of York (Conquest to Reformation)
From
Until
Incumbent
Notes
1070
1100

Thomas of Bayeux
Also known as Thomas (I).
1100
1108

Gerard

Translated from Hereford.
1109
1114

Thomas (II)

1119
1140

Thurstan
He was elected in 1114, but was not consecrated until 1119.

1140

Waltheof of Melrose

Nominated Archbishop, but was quashed by King Stephen; later became Abbot of Melrose.

1140

Henri de Sully.JPGHenry de Sully

Abbot of Fécamp Abbey. Nominated Archbishop, but was quashed by Pope Innocent II.
1143
1147

William (FitzHerbert)
Deposed by Pope Eugene III; canonised in 1226.

1147

Hilary of Chichester
Deposed by Pope Eugene III, elected Bishop of Chichester.
1147
1153

Henry Murdac
Formerly Abbot of Fountains Abbey.
1153
1154

William (FitzHerbert) (again)
Restored by Pope Anastasius IV; canonised in 1226.
1154
1181

Roger de Pont L'Évêque.jpgRoger de Pont L'Évêque
Formerly Archdeacon of Canterbury.
1191
1212

Geoffrey (Plantagenet)
Formerly Bishop-elect of Lincoln; elected archbishop in 1189, but was only consecrated in 1191.

1215

Simon Langton

Elected Archbishop of York in June 1215, but was quashed on 20 August 1215 by Pope Innocent III on request from King John; later became Archdeacon of Canterbury.
1216
1255

Yorkminsterwalterdegraytombvertical.jpgWalter de Gray
Translated from Worcester.
1256
1258

Sewal de Bovil
Formerly Dean of York.
1258
1265

Godfrey Ludham
Also known as Godfrey Kineton. Formerly Dean of York.

1265

William Langton

Dean of York (1262–1279); elected archbishop in March 1265, but was quashed in November 1265.[9]

1265

1266

François, Claude (dit Frère Luc) - Saint Bonaventure.jpgBonaventure

Selected as archbishop in November 1265, but never consecrated and resigned the appointment in October 1266.
1266
1279

Walter Giffard
Translated from Bath and Wells.
1279
1285

William de Wickwane

1286
1296

John le Romeyn
Also known as John Romanus.
1298
1299

Henry of Newark
Formerly Dean of York.
1300
1304

Thomas of Corbridge

1306
1315

William Greenfield
Formerly Dean of Chichester
1317
1340

Archbishop de Melton.jpgWilliam Melton

1342
1352

William Zouche
Also known as William de la Zouche.
1353
1373
Cardinal John of Thoresby
Translated from Worcester; created a Cardinal in 1361.[10]
1374
1388

Alexander Neville
Translated to St Andrew's in 1388.
1388
1396

Thomas Arundel.jpgThomas Arundel
Translated from Ely; afterwards translated to Canterbury.
1397
1398

Robert Waldby
Translated from Chichester.

1398

Bishop Walter Skirlaw, East Window, York Minster.jpgWalter Skirlaw

Bishop of Durham, elected but put aside by King Richard II.
1398
1405

Richard le Scrope
Translated from Lichfield.

1405

1406

Thomas Langley

Elected Archbishop in August 1405, but was quashed in May 1406.

1406

1407

TombBishopRobertHallam.jpgRobert Hallam

Nominated Archbishop in May 1406 by Pope Innocent VII, but was vetoed by King Henry IV.
1407
1423

Henry Bowet
Translated from Bath and Wells.

1423

1424

Philip Morgan

Elected Archbishop in 1423, but was quashed in 1424.

1424

1425

Archbishop Richard Fleming.jpgRichard Fleming

Conferred as Archbishop by Pope Martin V, but was refused by King Henry V, and Fleming resigned the appointment in July 1425.
1426
1452

Cardinal John Kemp.jpg Cardinal John Kemp
Translated from London; created a Cardinal in 1439;[11] translated to Canterbury.
1452
1464

William Booth
Translated from Lichfield.
1465
1476

George Neville
Translated from Exeter.
1476
1480

Lawrence Booth
Translated from Durham.
1480
1500

Archbishop Thomas Rotherham.jpgThomas Rotherham
Translated from Lincoln.
1501
1507

Thomas Savage
Translated from London.
1508
1514

Christopher Bainbridge.jpg Cardinal Christopher Bainbridge
Translated from Durham; created a Cardinal in 1511.[12]
1514
1530

Cardinal Thomas Wolsey.jpg Cardinal Thomas Wolsey
Translated from Lincoln in 1514; created a Cardinal in 1515;[13] held with Bath and Wells 1518–23, Durham 1523–29 and Winchester 1529–30.
Source(s):[8][14][15][16]


Post-Reformation






























































































































































































































































Post-Reformation Archbishops of York
From
Until
Incumbent
Notes
1531
1544

Fond blanc.svgEdward Lee

Translated from St David's.
1545
1554

Robertholgate.jpgRobert Holgate
Translated from Llandaff.
1555
1559

Nicholas Heath by Hans Eworth.jpgNicholas Heath
Translated from Worcester.
1561
1568

Fond blanc.svgThomas Young
Translated from St David's.
1570
1576

Edmund Grindal.jpgEdmund Grindal
Translated from London; afterwards translated to Canterbury.
1577
1588

Edwin Sandys from NPG.jpgEdwin Sandys
Translated from London.
1589
1594

Abp John Piers.jpgJohn Piers
Translated from Salisbury.
1595
1606

MatthewHutton (1529-1606).jpgMatthew Hutton
Translated from Durham.
1606
1628

Tobie (or Tobias) Matthew from NPG.jpgTobias Matthew
Translated from Durham.
1628

George Mountaigne DD.jpgGeorge Montaigne
Translated from Durham.
1629
1631

Harsnett crop.pngSamuel Harsnett
Translated from Norwich.
1632
1640

Richard Neile portrait.jpgRichard Neile
Translated from Winchester.
1641
1646

Abp John Williams by Gilbert Jackson.jpgJohn Williams
Translated from Lincoln. Deprived when the English episcopacy was abolished by Parliament. Died 1650.
1646
1660
The see was abolished during the Commonwealth and the Protectorate.[17][18]
1660
1664

Abp Accepted Frewen.jpgAccepted Frewen
Translated from Lichfield.
1664
1683

AbRichardSterne.jpgRichard Sterne
Translated from Carlisle.
1683
1686

ArchbishopDolben.jpgJohn Dolben
Translated from Rochester.
1688
1691

Thomas Lamplugh-kneller.jpgThomas Lamplugh
Translated from Exeter.
1691
1714

Abp John Sharp.jpgJohn Sharp
Formerly Dean of Canterbury.
1714
1724

Abp Sir William Dawes.jpg Sir William Dawes, Bt.
Translated from Chester.
1724
1743

Lancelot Blackburne (1658–1743), Archbishop of York.jpegLancelot Blackburne
Translated from Exeter.
1743
1747

ThomasHerring.jpgThomas Herring
Translated from Bangor; afterwards translated to Canterbury.
1747
1757

Apb Matthew Hutton.jpgMatthew Hutton
Translated from Bangor; afterwards translated to Canterbury.
1757
1761

John Gilbert portrait.jpgJohn Gilbert
Translated from Salisbury.
1761
1776

Joshua Reynolds - Robert Hay Drummond.jpgRobert Hay Drummond
Translated from Salisbury.
1776
1807

William Markham by Benjamin West.jpgWilliam Markham
Translated from Chester.
1808
1847

Abp Edward V-Harcourt by Thomas Phillips (crop).jpgEdward Venables-Vernon
Translated from Carlisle. Surname changed from Venables-Vernon to Venables-Vernon-Harcourt in 1831.
1847
1860

Abp Thomas Musgrave by FR Say.jpgThomas Musgrave
Translated from Hereford.
1860
1862

AbpCharlesThomasLongley.jpgCharles Longley
Translated from Durham; afterwards translated to Canterbury.
1862
1890

William Thomson by A Bassano.jpgWilliam Thomson
Translated from Gloucester.
1891

William Connor Magee portrait.jpgWilliam Connor Magee
Translated from Peterborough.
1891
1908

Apb William Dalrymple Maclagan.jpgWilliam Maclagan
Translated from Lichfield.
1909
1928

Cosmo Lang by Laszlo.jpgCosmo Gordon Lang
Translated from Stepney; afterwards translated to Canterbury.
1929
1942

The Royal Navy during the Second World War A11567 (Archbp Temple crop).jpgWilliam Temple
Translated from Manchester; afterwards translated to Canterbury.
1942
1955

Cyril Garbett
Translated from Winchester.
1956
1961

Michael Ramsey 1974.jpgMichael Ramsey
Translated from Durham; afterwards translated to Canterbury.
1961
1974

Donald Coggan (1964).jpgDonald Coggan
Translated from Bradford; afterwards translated to Canterbury.
1975
1983

Stuart Blanch
Translated from Liverpool.
1983
1995

John Stapylton Habgood (1981).jpgJohn Habgood
Translated from Durham.
1995
2005

Fond blanc.svgDavid Hope
Translated from London.
2005

incumbent

John Sentamu.jpgJohn Sentamu[19]
Translated from Birmingham; retiring 7 June 2020.[20]
Source(s):[8][21][22]


Footnotes





  1. ^ Paulinus was appointed Archbishop of York by Pope Honorius I in 634, but the appointment was not effective since it occurred after Paulinus had fled from York and become Bishop of Rochester.[2]


  2. ^ Although Wilfrid established a monastic community in Selsey, there are no early sources that describe him as bishop of the South Saxons. Wilfrid is credited with being first bishop of the South Saxons, by William of Malmesbury and Florence of Worcester, also on some later Ecclesiastical lists, but he was still technically Bishop of York when in charge of Selsey Abbey. Therefore, as Sussex had been annexed by Wessex then Selsey probably would have been subject to the Diocese of the West Saxons, when Wilfrid was there.[5]


  3. ^ The second edition of the Handbook of British Chronology listed Æthelric to have been archbishop of York from 1041 to 1042,[6] but in the third edition he is no longer listed to have been archbishop.[7]




See also


  • Accord of Winchester


Sources



Notes





  1. ^ Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.1173, with added "the wards upwards" for clarity, as per Debrett's blazon for Bishop of Gloucester


  2. ^ Costambeys "Paulinus (St Paulinus) (d. 644)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography


  3. ^ Fryde et al. 1986, Handbook of British Chronology, 3rd Edition, pp. 224, and 281–284.


  4. ^ St. Paulinus, Archbishop of York. Retrieved on 20 November 2008.


  5. ^ Foot 2011 The Bishops of Selsey and the Creation of a Diocese for Sussex. pp. 90-101.


  6. ^ Powicke & Fryde 1961, Handbook of British Chronology, 2nd Edition, p. 257.


  7. ^ ab Fryde et al. 1986, Handbook of British Chronology, 3rd Edition, p. 224.


  8. ^ abc "Historical successions: York". Crockford's Clerical Directory. Retrieved 8 August 2013..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  9. ^ William de Langeton alias of Rotherfield. Retrieved on 20 November 2008.


  10. ^ John Cardinal Thoresby. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Retrieved on 20 November 2008.


  11. ^ John Cardinal Kempe. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Retrieved on 20 November 2008.


  12. ^ Christopher Cardinal Bainbridge. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Retrieved on 20 November 2008.


  13. ^ Thomas Cardinal Wolsey. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Retrieved on 20 November 2008.


  14. ^ Fryde et al. 1986, Handbook of British Chronology, 3rd Edition, pp. 281–283.


  15. ^ Greenway 1999, Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300, volume 6, pp. 1–7.


  16. ^ Jones 1963, Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541, volume 6, pp. 3–5.


  17. ^ Episcopacy. British Civil Wars, Commonwealth and Protectorate 1638–60. Retrieved on 30 July 2013.


  18. ^ King, Peter (July 1968). "The Episcopate during the Civil Wars, 1642–1649". The English Historical Review. Oxford University Press. 83 (328): 523–537. doi:10.1093/ehr/lxxxiii.cccxxviii.523. JSTOR 564164.


  19. ^ The Archbishop of York. The official website of Dr John Sentamu, Archbishop of York. Retrieved on 21 November 2008.


  20. ^ "Archbishop of York Dr John Sentamu to retire". BBC News. Retrieved 2 October 2018.


  21. ^ Fryde et al. 1986, Handbook of British Chronology, 3rd Edition, pp. 283–284.


  22. ^ Horn & Smith 1979, Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857, volume 4, pp. 1–5.




References


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  • Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I., eds. (1986). Handbook of British Chronology (3rd, reprinted 2003 ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.


  • Greenway, D. E. (1999). "Archbishops of York". Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300. Volume 6: York. British History Online.


  • Jones, B (1963). "Archbishops of York". Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541. Volume 6: Northern Province (York, Carlise and Durham). British History Online.


  • Foot, Sarah (2011). Foster, Paul; Moriarty, Rachel, eds. The Bishops of Selsey and the creation of a Diocese in Sussex. Chichester - The Palace and its Bishops. Otter memorial Paper. 27. Chichester: University of Chichester. ISBN 978-1-907852-03-9.




  • Horn, J. M.; Smith, D. M. (1979). "Archbishops of York". Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857. Volume 4: York Diocese. British History Online.


  • Powicke, F. Maurice; Fryde, E. B., eds. (1961). Handbook of British Chronology (2nd ed.). London: Offices of the Royal Historical Society.




Further reading



  • Story, Joanna (August 2012). "Bede, Willibrord and the Letters of Pope Honorius I on the Genesis of the Archbishopric of York". English Historical Review. cxxvii (527): 783–818. doi:10.1093/ehr/ces142.


External links






  • Official website









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