Villa rustica
Villa rustica (countryside villa) was the term used by the ancient Romans to denote a villa set in the open countryside, often as the hub of a large agricultural estate (latifundium). The adjective rusticum was used to distinguish it from an urban or resort villa. The villa rustica would thus serve both as a residence of the landowner and his family (and retainers) and also as a farm management centre. It would often comprise separate buildings to accommodate farm labourers and sheds and barns for animals and crops.[1][2][3][4][5]
In modern British archaeology, a villa rustica is commonly (and misleadingly) referred to simply as a "Roman villa".
The villa rustica's design differed depending on the architect, but usually it consisted of three parts; the urbana (main house), agricultural center and the rusticana (farm area).
Contents
1 List of Villae rusticae
1.1 Bulgaria
1.2 Italy
1.3 Portugal
1.4 Turkey
1.5 United Kingdom
1.6 France
1.7 Germany
1.8 Serbia
1.9 Switzerland
2 References
3 External links
List of Villae rusticae
Bulgaria
Villa Armira in Ivaylovgrad
Italy
- Villa Boscoreale
Portugal
Boca do Rio
- Castelo da Lousa
Villa of Fonte do Milho
- Roman Villa of Rabaçal
- Roman ruins of Quinta da Abicada
- Centum Cellas
- Villa of Torre de Palma
- Villa of Cerro da Vila
- Roman ruins of Pisões
- Roman ruins of São Cucufate
Roman Ruins of Milreu (Estoi)- Roman Villa of Sendim
Turkey
- Gökkale
- Üçayaklı ruins
United Kingdom
- Bignor Roman Villa
- Borough Hill Roman villa
- Brading Roman Villa
- Chedworth Roman Villa
- Crofton Roman Villa
- Fishbourne Roman Palace
- Gadebridge Park Roman Villa
- Littlecote Roman Villa
- Llantwit Major Roman Villa
- Low Ham Roman Villa
- Lullingstone Roman Villa
- Newport Roman Villa
- Piddington Roman Villa
- Woodchester Roman Villa
France
- Villa Rustica, Coustaty
Villa Rustica, Lussas-et-Nontronneau
Villa Rustica, Montcaret
Villa Rustica, Montmaurin
Villa Rustica, Petit-Bersac
Villa Rustica, Pièce de Rance
Germany
Baden-Württemberg
- Villa Rustica, Baden-Baden-Haueneberstein, Roman settlement at Wohlfahrtsberg[6]
- Villa Rustica at Bondorf, Böblingen
Villa rustica at Büßlingen , Konstanz
Villa Rustica (Brombach) , Lörrach- Villa Rustica at Eigeltingen[7]
- Villa Rustica at Gaggenau-Bad Rotenfels / Oberweier[8]
- Villa urbana at Grenzach-Wyhlen (Museum Römervilla)
Villa rustica at Hechingen-Stein , Zollernalbkreis- Villa urbana at Heitersheim
Villa Rustica (Meßkirch) , Sigmaringen- Villa Rustica at Hirschberg[9]
Villa Rustica (Inzigkofen) , Sigmaringen- Villa Rustica at Karlsruhe-Durlach[10]
- Villa Rustica at Langenau[11]
Villa Rustica (Laucherthal) , Sigmaringen
Villa Rustica (Lauffen) , Heilbronn- Villa Rustica at Mühlacker[12]
- Villa Rustica at Nagold[13][14]
Villa Rustica (Nürtingen)
- Villa Rustica at Oberndorf-Bochingen[15][16]
Villa Rustica (Rommelshausen) , Rems-Murr-Kreis
Römerbad (Weinsberg) , Heilbronn
Villa Rustica (Wiesenbach/Baden) , Rhein-Neckar-Kreis
Römisches Bad (Wurmlingen) , Tuttlingen
Villa Rustica (Zimmerhof) , Heilbronn- Villa Rustica Bietigheim-Weilerlen at Bietigheim-Bissingen, Ludwigsburg
Bavaria
Villa Rustica (Burgweinting)
Villa rustica (Denning) , Stadt München
Villa Rustica (Friedberg)
- Villa Rustica at Großberghofen, Dachau
Villa Rustica (Holheim) , Donau-Ries- Villa Rustica at Hüssingen[17]
- Villa Rustica Kohlhunden, Ostallgäu[18]
Villa Rustica (Leutstetten) , Stadt Starnberg
Villa Rustica (Möckenlohe) (Naturpark Altmühltal)[19][20]
- Villa Rustica (Nassenfels), Eichstätt
Villa Rustica (Niederndorf) , Freising
Villa Rustica (Oberndorf)
Villa Rustica (Oberhaunstadt) , Ingolstadt- Villa Rustica (Peiting), Weilheim-Schongau[21][22]
Villa Rustica (Stadtbergen)
Villa Rustica (Zipfwang) , Oberallgäu
Hesse
- Groß-Umstadt-Heubach, Wamboltsches Schlösschen
Haselburg Roman villa , Odenwald- Rodau, Zwingenberg, "Kleine Weide"[23]
Northrhine-Westphalia
Villa rustica (Blankenheim (Ahr)) [24]
- Villae Rusticae at Eschweiler, Aachen
Propsteier Villa , Eschweiler, Aachen- Villae Rusticae near Hambach surface mine, Düren
Villa rustica (Nettersheim-Roderath) at Sollig, Nettersheim-Roderath, Euskirchen
Rheinland-Palatine
Villa rustica Weilberg , Bad Dürkheim-Ungstein]]
Römerhalle (Bad Kreuznach) , Bad Kreuznach
Roman Villa of Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler
Villa rustica (Bollendorf) , Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm
Villa Otrang , Fließem, Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm- Villa Rustica at Sarresdorf (Gerolstein)[25]
Villa Rustica (Kempten bei Bingen) , Mainz-Bingen- Villa Rustica at Herschweiler-Pettersheim, Kusel[26]
Roman estate at Lösnich
Villa Urbana in Longuich
Villa Rustica (Mehring) (Mosel), Trier-Saarburg
Villa rustica (Wachenheim)
Villa Rustica (Weiler bei Bingen) , Mainz-Bingen
Villa rustica (Wasserliesch) , Trier-Saarburg
Saarland
- Roman Villa Borg
- Reinheim
- Roman villa at Nennig
Serbia
Village Gornja Bukovica.Valjevo,villa rustica IV century A.D.[27]
Switzerland
Aargau
Villa Rustica (Bellikon)
Villa Rustica (Oberentfelden)
Villa Rustica (Oberlunkhofen)
Villa rustica (Zofingen)
Basel-Landschaft
Villa Rustica (Bennwil)
Villa Rustica (Munzach)
Genf
Villa Rustica (Bernex)
Jura
Villa Rustica (Vicques JU)
Solothurn
Villa rustica (Biberist-Spitalhof)
Villa rustica (Breitholz)
Waadt
Villa romaine du Prieuré
Zürich
Irgenhausen Castrum (built on the remains of a former villa rustica)- Villa in Wetzikon - Kempten[28]
Villa Rustica (Buchs)
Villa Rustica (Kloten)
Villa Rustica (Oberweningen)
Villa Rustica (Seeb)
References
^ Annalia Marzano: Roman villas in central Italy: a social and economic history. Brill 2007, .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
ISBN 978-90-04-16037-8 (restricted online copy at Google Books)
^ Alfred Frazer: The Roman villa: villa urbana. UPenn Museum of Archaeology 1998,
ISBN 978-0-924171-59-8 (restricted online copy at Google Books)
^ Alexander Gordon McKay: Houses, villas, and palaces in the Roman world . JHU Press 1998,
ISBN 978-0-8018-5904-5 (restricted online copy at Google Books)
^ John T. Smith: Roman Villas. A Study in Social Structure. Routledge, London, 1997.
ISBN 0-415-16719-1
^ John Percival: The Roman Villa. A Historical Introduction. Batsford, London, 1988 (Paperback)
^ Die Römer am Wolfartsberg. (Heimatblätter des Heimat- und Kulturvereines Haueneberstein e.V., Nr. 3). haueneberstein.de Archived February 11, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
^ "Willkommen". www.eigeltingia.de.
^ Gerhard Hoffmann: Spuren früher Zeiten – Funde und Fundstätten im Landkreis Rastatt. Eine Materialkunde zur Vor und Frühgeschichte. Bestandsaufnahme und Dokumentation. (Sonderveröffentlichungen des Kreisarchivs Rastatt, Band 5). Verlag Regionalkultur, Ubstadt-Weiher u. a. 2007,
ISBN 978-3-89735-495-1. (Abstract) Archived March 18, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
^ gastgeber-hessen.de[permanent dead link]
^ ka.stadtwiki.net
^ W.M.Werner. "Langenau: villa rustica". www.archaeologie-bw.de.
^ Geiges, Thomas. "Mühlacker: Römische Villa Rustica in Enzberg". www.muehlacker.de.
^ "Stadt Nagold - Remigiuskirche". www.nagold.de.
^ naturparkschwarzwald.de Archived February 28, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.
^ W.M.Werner. "Villa rustica von Oberndorf-Bochingen". www.archaeologie-bw.de.
^ "denkmalpflege-bw.de". Archived from the original on 2012-09-18. Retrieved 2015-07-27.
^ Informationszentrum Naturpark Altmühltal in Trägerschaft des Landkreises Eichstätt. "Römischer Bauernhof". Retrieved 2015-07-05.
^ "Kohlhunden.html". www.kaluwi.de.
^ Scheuerer, Kurt. "Römervilla Möckenlohe". www.roemervilla-moeckenlohe.de.
^ altmuehltal.de Archived February 21, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.
^ Tourismusverband Pfaffenwinkel. Retrieved 2015-07-05.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) . "Villa Rustica Peiting". Archived from the original on 2015-09-24
^ Alpenland in Römerhand. "Peiting". Retrieved 2015-06-02.
^ "Kein Ackerbau über der "Villa rustica" Rodau - Bergsträßer Anzeiger".
^ roemervilla-blankenheim.de Archived February 24, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
^ "Grundriß einer römischen Villa Rustica, Sarresdorf, Gerolstein, Gerolstein - Datenbank der Kulturgüter in der Region Trier". www.roscheiderhof.de.
^ "Herzlich willkommen - Pfälzer Bergland". kuseler-musikantenland.de. Archived from the original on 2012-07-11.
^ Rimski lokaliteti valjevskog kraja Archived April 16, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.
^ Horisberger, Beat; Hedinger, Bettina; Hoek, Florian; Büsser, Roger (2007). Römisches Landleben im Zürcher Oberland - Die Römer in Wetzikon (in German). Frauenfeld, Stuttgart, Wien: Verlag Huber. ISBN 978-3-7193-1441-5.
External links
Villa Rustica - open-air museum at Hechingen (Germany)