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Maxim

Editor-in-chief	Sardar Biglari[1]
Owner	Sardar Biglari (February 2014–present)
Categories	Men's
Frequency	Monthly
Publisher	Biglari Holdings
Total circulation (January 2017)	928,753[2]
First issue	1995
Country	17 editions in 76 countries
Based in	United States
Language	English, many others
Website	maxim.com
ISSN	1092-9789

Maxim is an international men's magazine, devised and launched in the UK in 1995, but based in New York City since 1997,^[3] and prominent for its photography of actresses, singers, and female models whose careers are at a current peak. Maxim has a circulation of about 9 million readers each month. Maxim Digital reaches more than 4 million unique viewers each month. Maxim magazine publishes 16 editions, sold in 75 countries worldwide.

History

Maxim has expanded into many other countries, including Australia.

In 1999, MaximOnline.com (now maxim.com) was created. It contains content not included in the print version and focuses on the same general topics, along with exclusive sections such as the "Girls of Maxim" galleries and the "Joke of the Day". "Maxim Video" contains video clips of interviews, music videos, photo shoots, and original content.

On February 5, 2005, Maxim Radio, featuring male-oriented talk programming, debuted on Sirius Satellite Radio. Following the Sirius-XM merger in late 2008, the Maxim brand was dropped, and the channel is now known as Sirius XM Stars Too.

On June 5, 2006, the magazine announced plans to build a casino on the Las Vegas Strip north of Circus Circus, but the casino plan failed after local condominium owners complained that the proposed casino would ruin their view. The land was sold to MGM Mirage.^[4]

On June 15, 2007, private equity firm Quadrangle Group, along with long-time media executive Kent Brownridge, announced the acquisition of the parent company of Maxim, Blender, Stuff and MaximOnline.com in the United States, under the name Alpha Media Group. As of April 23, 2009 Dennis Publishing has announced that it will no longer continue producing a print edition of Maxim in the UK, though the website for the UK version will remain.

In July 2009, Maxim partnered with the UFC for the first-ever Maxim UFC Octagon Girl Search at the UFC Fan Expo.^[5] 40 girls participated in the contest, and the winner was Natasha Wicks.^[6]

Quadrangle Group gave up on its investment in Alpha Media Group in August 2009, making Cerberus Capital Management the majority partner. In 2013, Alpha announced the sale of Maxim to the newly created Darden Media Group, but Darden was unable to raise the money.^[7][8] Calvin Darden, Jr. was later charged with fraud relating to the transaction.^[9]

Between 2010 and 2012, Maxim eliminated two issues, going from 12 issues a year to 10, and decreased its circulation numbers by 20%, from a reported 2.5 million to only 2 million.^[10]

Maximum Warrior debuted in 2011, as an online reality competition that tests ten of America's most elite military operators in ten military-inspired challenges. The videos are available online and on the Maxim app on Xbox Live.^[11] Several episodes feature Dakota Meyer, Maxim's Military Advisor.^[12] Maximum Warrior is produced by Grand Street Media.^[13]

On February 27, 2014, entrepreneur Sardar Biglari, the founder of Biglari Holdings and Biglari Capital, purchased Maxim. "We plan to build the business on multiple dimensions," he said at the time, "thereby energizing our readership and viewership." In September 2014 he hired Kate Lanphear, the former style director of Elle and T: The New York Times Fashion Magazine as editor, in an attempt to remake it as a luxury, lifestyle and fashion journal, at an annual salary that was thought to be more than $700,000.^[14] During Lanphear's tenure, the September 2015 issue featured actor Idris Elba on its cover, marking the first time that the magazine did not have a woman on the cover.^[15] Lanphear left the magazine in November 2015.^[16]

In January 2016, Biglari officially took over as Editor-in-Chief of Maxim, though a Maxim staffer said that the new masthead title just formalizes what has always been clear: Biglari exercises full editorial control over Maxim. At one point last year, the staffer said, he decided to throw out a nearly-complete version of the December issue in order to completely redesign the magazine.^[17] On January 13, 2016, Gilles Bensimon joined Biglari as a special creative director. "What drew me to Maxim was Sardar's vision for the brand," said Bensimon.^[18]

Events and controversies

The Black Crowes

In 2004, the Gender Issues Centre, an on-campus feminist organization at Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario, protested an on-campus "Thunder Bay Boob Idol" event sponsored by Maxim and Coors Light. The Centre described Maxim as consisting of "sexist bravado and racist imagery".^[19] In 2006, Alok Jha of The Guardian criticized Maxim for encouraging excessive alcohol consumption and sexual objectification of women.^[20]

In June 2007, Israeli diplomat David Saranga invited Maxim to the country. In what came to be known as "beers and babes", the magazine did photo shoots of near-naked Israeli women who serve in the army. The campaign drew an angry reaction from lawmaker Colette Avital, a former diplomat who served as Israel's consul-general in New York City in the 1990s.^[21] Prof. John H. Brown of Georgetown University described the spread as the first event in a new branch of public diplomacy.^[22]

In February 2008, Maxim was criticized by the rock band The Black Crowes for rating their upcoming CD, Warpaint, without hearing the entire album.^[23] Black Crowes manager Pete Angelus said, "Maxim's actions seem to completely lack journalistic integrity and intentionally mislead their readership." According to Crowes, the magazine stated in an email that "Of course, we always prefer to [sic] hearing music, but sometimes there are big albums that we don’t want to ignore that aren’t available to hear, which is what happened with the Crowes. It’s either an educated guess preview or no coverage at all, so in this case we chose the former." The magazine's editorial director James Kaminsky later apologized, stating "It is Maxim's editorial policy to assign star ratings only to those albums that have been heard in their entirety. Unfortunately, that policy was not followed in the March 2008 issue of our magazine and we apologize to our readers."^[24] Facing more criticism over rating albums without listening to them, Maxim magazine maintains it was previewing CDs in its March 2008 issue, not reviewing them, and the mistake was to include star ratings.^[25]

International editions

Maxim has launched international editions of its magazines since 1995. Most recently it has launched its 26th and 27th international^[26] editions in Serbia and Greece where it is published by Attica Media. Notably, the magazine has been circulating editions in South Korea, Indonesia, India, Japan, the United States, France, Russia,^[27][28]Turkey, Serbia, Greece,^[29]Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Canada, Poland, Brazil, the Philippines (defunct), Germany, Mexico and Argentina..

Celebrity profiles

Hilary Duff

Mary Elizabeth Winstead

Hannah Davis

Many female celebrities (singers, actresses, models, etc.) have posed for Maxim over the years. Examples include:

Singers

• 
  Christina Aguilera (January 2003 and March 2007)


• 
  Michelle Branch (January 2004)


• 
  Hilary Duff (August 2007, January 2009)


• 
  Avril Lavigne (March 2008, November 2010)


• 
  Lady Gaga (2009)


• 
  Marion Raven (2009)


• 
  Fergie (2009)


• 
  Britney Spears (January 2010 and 2011)


• 
  Lana Del Rey (December 2014)


• 
  Taylor Swift (June 2015)

Film actresses

• 
  Rebecca Romijn (June 1998, July 2000, November 2002), age 27


• 
  Jennifer Love Hewitt (November 1999, March 2005, May 2009, April 2012), age 20


• 
  Shannon Elizabeth (January 2000, December 2003, June 2008), age 26


• 
  Jessica Alba (October 2000, November 2003), age 19; (September 2014), age 34


• 
  Laura Prepon (January 2001, November 2004), age 22


• 
  Eliza Dushku (May 2001, March 2009), age 21


• 
  Shawnee Smith (June 2001), age 30


• 
  Brittany Murphy (July 2001, May 2005), age 24


• 
  Helena Bonham Carter (September 2001), age 35


• 
  Lucy Liu (September 2002, July 2003), age 34


• 
  Milla Jovovich (September 2004, September 2009), age 27


• 
  Kristen Bell (March 2006), age 25


• 
  Sophia Bush (November 2006), age 23


• 
  Mary Elizabeth Winstead (March 2007), age 22


• 
  Louise Cliffe (June 2007), age 20


• 
  Danneel Harris (2008, 2009), age 27


• 
  Kourtney Kardashian (April 2009), age 28


• 
  Amy Weber (January 2010), age 39


• 
  Amanda Bynes (February 2010), age 25


• 
  Kaley Cuoco (March 2010), age 24


• 
  Alice Eve (April 2010), age 27


• 
  Cobie Smulders (December 2010), age 27


• 
  Yvonne Strahovski (October 2011), age 28


• 
  Elisha Cuthbert (March 2013), age 30


• 
  Alyssa Milano (July 2013), age 40


• Amber Heard

Models

• 
  Irina Shayk (July 2014)


• Jenna Jenovich (June 2013)


• 
  Candice Swanepoel (March 2015)


• 
  Lily Aldridge (April 2015)


• 
  Emily DiDonato (August 2015)


• 
  Alessandra Ambrosio (December 2015)


• 
  Elsa Hosk (February 2016)


• 
  Hannah Davis (March 2016)


• 
  Ashley Graham (April 2016)


• 
  Sara Sampaio (May 2016)


• 
  Stella Maxwell (June/July 2016)

Maxim Hot 100

Each year since 2000 Maxim has released the Maxim Hot 100. The winners and their corresponding ages and the year in which the magazine was released are listed below.

Year	Choice	Age	Occupation	Notes
2000	Estella Warren	21	Actress/Model	[30]
2001	Jessica Alba	20	Actress	Youngest winner.[31]
2002	Jennifer Garner	30	Actress	Second time anyone has debuted on the list at number one.[32]
2003	Christina Aguilera	22	Singer	[33]
2004	Jessica Simpson	24	Singer/Actress	[34]
2005	Eva Longoria	30	Actress	[35]
2006	Eva Longoria	31	Actress	First and only woman to win twice (in a row). / Oldest winner.[36]
2007	Lindsay Lohan	21	Actress/Singer	[37]
2008	Marisa Miller	29	Model	Third time anyone has debuted on the list at number one.[38]
2009	Olivia Wilde	25	Actress	[39]
2010	Katy Perry	25	Singer	[40]
2011	Rosie Huntington-Whiteley	24	Model/Actress	Fourth time anyone has debuted on the list at number one.[41]
2012	Bar Refaeli	26	Model	[42]
2013	Miley Cyrus	20	Actress/Singer	[43]
2014	Candice Swanepoel	25	Model
2015	Taylor Swift	25	Singer
2016	Stella Maxwell	25	Model	Fifth time anyone has debuted on the list at number one.[44]
2017	Hailey Baldwin	20	Model
2018	Kate Upton	25	Model/Actress

From 2000 until 2015, Maxim released the rest of the Hot 100 in order. Since 2016, Maxim released the hot 100 in random order. These are the rest of the Top 10 each year.

See also

• Glamour photography


• List of men's magazines


• Maxim Radio


• Dennis Digital

References

• zimbio.com

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maxim (magazine).

• 
  Maxim U.S. site


• 
  Maxim U.K. site