79th United States Congress






1945–1947 U.S. Congress


































79th United States Congress


78th ←

→ 80th


USCapitol1956.jpg

United States Capitol (1956)

January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947
Senate President
Henry A. Wallace (D)
until January 20, 1945
Harry S. Truman (D)
Jan 20–Apr 12, 1945
Vacant
from April 12, 1945
Senate President pro tem
Kenneth McKellar (D)
House Speaker
Sam Rayburn (D)
Members 96 senators
435 members of the House
4 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority Democratic
House Majority Democratic
Sessions

1st: January 3, 1945 – December 21, 1945
2nd: January 14, 1946 – August 2, 1946

The Seventy-ninth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1945, to January 3, 1947, during the last months of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency, and the first two years of Harry Truman's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixteenth Census of the United States in 1940. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.


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Contents






  • 1 Major events


  • 2 Major legislation


  • 3 Treaties ratified


  • 4 Party summary


    • 4.1 Senate


    • 4.2 House of Representatives




  • 5 Leadership


    • 5.1 Senate


    • 5.2 House of Representatives




  • 6 Members


    • 6.1 Senate


      • 6.1.1 Alabama


      • 6.1.2 Arizona


      • 6.1.3 Arkansas


      • 6.1.4 California


      • 6.1.5 Colorado


      • 6.1.6 Connecticut


      • 6.1.7 Delaware


      • 6.1.8 Florida


      • 6.1.9 Georgia


      • 6.1.10 Idaho


      • 6.1.11 Illinois


      • 6.1.12 Indiana


      • 6.1.13 Iowa


      • 6.1.14 Kansas


      • 6.1.15 Kentucky


      • 6.1.16 Louisiana


      • 6.1.17 Maine


      • 6.1.18 Maryland


      • 6.1.19 Massachusetts


      • 6.1.20 Michigan


      • 6.1.21 Minnesota


      • 6.1.22 Mississippi


      • 6.1.23 Missouri


      • 6.1.24 Montana


      • 6.1.25 Nebraska


      • 6.1.26 Nevada


      • 6.1.27 New Hampshire


      • 6.1.28 New Jersey


      • 6.1.29 New Mexico


      • 6.1.30 New York


      • 6.1.31 North Carolina


      • 6.1.32 North Dakota


      • 6.1.33 Ohio


      • 6.1.34 Oklahoma


      • 6.1.35 Oregon


      • 6.1.36 Pennsylvania


      • 6.1.37 Rhode Island


      • 6.1.38 South Carolina


      • 6.1.39 South Dakota


      • 6.1.40 Tennessee


      • 6.1.41 Texas


      • 6.1.42 Utah


      • 6.1.43 Vermont


      • 6.1.44 Virginia


      • 6.1.45 Washington


      • 6.1.46 West Virginia


      • 6.1.47 Wisconsin


      • 6.1.48 Wyoming




    • 6.2 House of Representatives


      • 6.2.1 Alabama


      • 6.2.2 Arizona


      • 6.2.3 Arkansas


      • 6.2.4 California


      • 6.2.5 Colorado


      • 6.2.6 Connecticut


      • 6.2.7 Delaware


      • 6.2.8 Florida


      • 6.2.9 Georgia


      • 6.2.10 Idaho


      • 6.2.11 Illinois


      • 6.2.12 Indiana


      • 6.2.13 Iowa


      • 6.2.14 Kansas


      • 6.2.15 Kentucky


      • 6.2.16 Louisiana


      • 6.2.17 Maine


      • 6.2.18 Maryland


      • 6.2.19 Massachusetts


      • 6.2.20 Michigan


      • 6.2.21 Minnesota


      • 6.2.22 Mississippi


      • 6.2.23 Missouri


      • 6.2.24 Montana


      • 6.2.25 Nebraska


      • 6.2.26 Nevada


      • 6.2.27 New Hampshire


      • 6.2.28 New Jersey


      • 6.2.29 New Mexico


      • 6.2.30 New York


      • 6.2.31 North Carolina


      • 6.2.32 North Dakota


      • 6.2.33 Ohio


      • 6.2.34 Oklahoma


      • 6.2.35 Oregon


      • 6.2.36 Pennsylvania


      • 6.2.37 Rhode Island


      • 6.2.38 South Carolina


      • 6.2.39 South Dakota


      • 6.2.40 Tennessee


      • 6.2.41 Texas


      • 6.2.42 Utah


      • 6.2.43 Vermont


      • 6.2.44 Virginia


      • 6.2.45 Washington


      • 6.2.46 West Virginia


      • 6.2.47 Wisconsin


      • 6.2.48 Wyoming


      • 6.2.49 Non-voting members






  • 7 Changes in membership


    • 7.1 Senate


    • 7.2 House of Representatives




  • 8 Committees


    • 8.1 Senate


    • 8.2 House of Representatives


    • 8.3 Joint committees




  • 9 Caucuses


  • 10 Employees


    • 10.1 Legislative branch agency directors


    • 10.2 Senate


    • 10.3 House of Representatives




  • 11 See also


  • 12 External links


  • 13 References





Major events




  • January 20, 1945: President Franklin D. Roosevelt began his fourth term.

  • April 12, 1945: President Roosevelt died, Vice President Harry S. Truman became President of the United States.

  • September 2, 1945: World War II ended.

  • September 11, 1945–June 20, 1946: Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack conducted its investigation and issued a report.[1][2]

  • November 6, 1946: United States Senate elections, 1946, United States House of Representatives elections, 1946: Republicans gained control of both houses.

  • January 3, 1947: Proceedings of the U.S. Congress were televised for the first time.



Major legislation




President Truman signs the Atomic Energy Act on August 1, 1946.




  • March 9, 1945: McCarran-Ferguson Act

  • July 31, 1945: Bretton Woods Agreements Act, Pub.L. 79–171

  • July 31, 1945: Export-Import Bank Act of 1945

  • December 20, 1945: United Nations Participation Act

  • December 28, 1945: War Brides Act

  • February 18, 1946: Rescission Act of 1946, Pub.L. 79–301

  • February 20, 1946: Employment Act, Pub.L. 79–304, ch. 33, 60 Stat. 23

  • May 13, 1946: Federal Airport Act of 1946, Pub.L. 79–377

  • June 4, 1946: Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act, ch. 281, 60 Stat. 230

  • June 11, 1946: Administrative Procedure Act, ch. 324, 60 Stat. 237

  • July 2, 1946: Luce-Celler Act of 1946

  • July 3, 1946: Hobbs Anti-Racketeering Act, ch. 537, 60 Stat. 420

  • July 5, 1946: Lanham Trademark Act of 1946

  • August 1, 1946: United States Atomic Energy Act of 1946, ch. 724, 60 Stat. 755

  • August 2, 1946: Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946

  • August 2, 1946: Federal Tort Claims Act, ch. 753, title IV, 60 Stat. 842

  • August 2, 1946: Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946

  • August 13, 1946: Foreign Service Act, ch. 957, titles I–X, 60 Stat. 999

  • August 13, 1946: Hospital Survey and Construction Act (Hill-Burton Act), Pub.L. 79–725, ch. 958, 60 Stat. 1040

  • August 14, 1946: Farmers Home Administration Act, ch. 964, 60 Stat. 1062



Treaties ratified



  • December 4, 1945: Senate approved the entry of the United States into the United Nations (by a vote of 65–7)[3]

  • July 4, 1946: The United States ratified the Treaty of Manila, which gave independence to The Philippines



Party summary



Senate





































































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Progressive
(P)

Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress

56

1

39
96
0

Begin

57

1

38

96
0
End 54 41
Final voting share 56.3% 1.0% 42.7%
Beginning of the next congress

45

0

51
96
0


House of Representatives













































































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Farmer-Labor
(FL)

American
Labor
(AL)

Wisconsin Progressive
(P)

Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress

214

1

1

2

207
425
9

Begin

242

0

1

1

191

435
0
End 240 188 430 5
Final voting share 55.8% 0.0% 0.2% 0.2% 43.7%
Beginning of the next congress

185

0

1

0

248
434
1


Leadership



Senate




  • President:


    • Henry A. Wallace (D), until - January 20, 1945


    • Harry S. Truman (D), January 20, 1945 – April 12, 1945; thereafter vacant




  • President Pro Tempore: Kenneth McKellar (D)


  • Majority leader: Alben William Barkley (D)


  • Minority leader: Wallace H. White Jr. (R, acting)


  • Majority whip: Lister Hill (D)


  • Minority whip: Kenneth Wherry (R), elected 1944



House of Representatives




  • Speaker: Sam Rayburn (D)


  • Majority leader: John William McCormack (D)


  • Minority leader: Joseph William Martin, Jr. (R)


  • Majority whip: John J. Sparkman (D)


  • Minority whip: Leslie C. Arends (R)



Members



Senate


Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1946; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1948; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1950.











House of Representatives


The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.












Changes in membership


The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.



Senate






























































































































































State
(class)
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Washington
(1)

Monrad Wallgren (D)
Resigned January 9, 1945, after being elected Governor of Washington.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.

Hugh Mitchell (D)
January 10, 1945

Connecticut
(1)

Francis T. Maloney (D)
Died January 16, 1945.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election.

Thomas C. Hart (R)
February 15, 1945

Missouri
(1)

Harry S. Truman (D)
Resigned January 17, 1945, after being elected Vice President of the United States.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.

Frank P. Briggs (D)
January 18, 1945

North Dakota
(3)

John Moses (D)
Died March 3, 1945.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election, which he subsequently won.

Milton Young (R)
March 12, 1945

Nevada
(1)

James G. Scrugham (D)
Died June 23, 1945.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.

Edward P. Carville (D)
July 25, 1945

California
(1)

Hiram Johnson (R)
Died August 6, 1945.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election, which he subsequently won.

William F. Knowland (R)
August 26, 1945

Ohio
(1)

Harold H. Burton (R)
Resigned September 30, 1945, after being appointed an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election.

James W. Huffman (D)
October 8, 1945

Kentucky
(2)

Happy Chandler (D)
Resigned November 1, 1945, after becoming Commissioner of Major League Baseball.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election.

William A. Stanfill (R)
November 19, 1945

Idaho
(2)

John W. Thomas (R)
Died November 10, 1945.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election, which he subsequently lost.

Charles C. Gossett (D)
November 17, 1945

Virginia
(2)

Carter Glass (D)
Died May 28, 1946.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election.

Thomas G. Burch (D)
May 31, 1946

Alabama
(2)

John H. Bankhead II (D)
Died June 12, 1946.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election.

George R. Swift (D)
June 15, 1946

Vermont
(1)

Warren Austin (R)
Resigned August 2, 1946, after being appointed United States representative on the United Nations Security Council.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.

Ralph Flanders (R)
November 1, 1946

Florida
(1)

Charles O. Andrews (D)
Died September 18, 1946.
Successor was elected to finish term.

Spessard Holland (D)
September 25, 1946

Alabama
(2)

George R. Swift (D)
Resigned November 5, 1946.
Successor was elected to finish term.

John Sparkman (D)
November 6, 1946

Connecticut
(1)

Thomas C. Hart (R)
Resigned November 5, 1946.
Successor was elected to finish term.

Raymond E. Baldwin (R)
December 27, 1946

Kentucky
(2)

William A. Stanfill (R)
Resigned November 5, 1946. Successor was elected to finish term

John S. Cooper (R)
November 6, 1946

Ohio
(1)

James W. Huffman (D)
Resigned November 5, 1946. Successor was elected to finish term.

Kingsley A. Taft (R)
November 6, 1946

Virginia
(2)

Thomas G. Burch (D)
Resigned November 5, 1946.
Successor was elected to finish term.

Absalom W. Robertson (D)
November 6, 1946

Idaho
(2)

Charles C. Gossett (D)
Resigned November 6, 1946.
Successor was elected to finish term.

Henry Dworshak (R)
November 6, 1946

North Carolina
(2)

Josiah Bailey (D)
Died December 15, 1946.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election, which he subsequently lost.

William B. Umstead (D)
December 18, 1946

Washington
(1)

Hugh Mitchell (D)
Resigned December 25, 1946. Successor was appointed to finish the term already having to be elected the next term.

Harry P. Cain (R)
December 26, 1946


House of Representatives



















































































































































































District
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Rhode Island 2nd
Vacant

John E. Fogarty resigned during the previous Congress.

John E. Fogarty (D)
February 7, 1945

Montana 2nd

James F. O'Connor (D)
Died January 15, 1945

Wesley A. D'Ewart (R)
June 5, 1945

Virginia 3rd

Dave E. Satterfield, Jr. (D)
Resigned February 15, 1945, to become general counsel and executive director of the Life Insurance Association of America

J. Vaughan Gary (D)
March 6, 1945

Illinois 24th

James V. Heidinger (R)
Died March 22, 1945

Roy Clippinger (R)
November 6, 1945

New Mexico At-large

Clinton P. Anderson (D)
Resigned June 30, 1945, after being appointed Secretary of Agriculture
Vacant
Not filled this term

New Jersey 4th

D. Lane Powers (R)
Resigned August 30, 1945, to become a member of the Public Utilities Commission of New Jersey

Frank A. Mathews, Jr. (R)
November 6, 1945

Oregon 1st

James W. Mott (R)
Died November 12, 1945

A. Walter Norblad (R)
January 18, 1946

North Carolina 10th

Joseph W. Ervin (D)
Died December 25, 1945

Sam Ervin (D)
January 22, 1946

New York 19th

Samuel Dickstein (D)
Resigned December 30, 1945

Arthur G. Klein (D)
February 19, 1946

Virginia 6th

Clifton A. Woodrum (D)
Resigned December 31, 1945, to become president of the American Plant Food Council, Inc.

J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. (D)
January 22, 1946

Georgia 5th

Robert Ramspeck (D)
Resigned December 31, 1945, to become executive vice-president of the Air Transport Association

Helen D. Mankin (D)
February 12, 1946

Pennsylvania 33rd

Samuel A. Weiss (D)
Resigned January 7, 1946, after being elected judge of Common Pleas in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania

Frank Buchanan (D)
May 21, 1946

Pennsylvania 23rd

J. Buell Snyder (D)
Died February 24, 1946

Carl H. Hoffman (R)
May 21, 1946

North Carolina 8th

William O. Burgin (D)
Died April 11, 1946

Eliza Jane Pratt (D)
May 25, 1946

Virginia 5th

Thomas G. Burch (D)
Resigned May 31, 1946, after being appointed to the U.S. Senate

Thomas B. Stanley (D)
November 5, 1946

Texas 6th

Luther A. Johnson (D)
Resigned July 17, 1946, after becoming judge of the United States Tax Court

Olin E. Teague (D)
August 24, 1946

Pennsylvania 10th

John W. Murphy (D)
Resigned July 17, 1946, to become judge of the US District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

James P. Scoblick (R)
November 5, 1946

Minnesota 3rd

William Gallagher (DFL)
Died August 13, 1946
Vacant
Not filled this term

Puerto Rico At-large

Jesús T. Piñero (PPD)
Resigned September 2, 1946, after being appointed Governor of Puerto Rico

Antonio Fernós-Isern (PPD)
September 11, 1946

New York 4th

William B. Barry (D)
Died October 20, 1946
Vacant
Not filled this term

Alabama 8th

John Sparkman (D)
Resigned November 6, 1946, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
Vacant
Not filled this term

Idaho 2nd

Henry Dworshak (R)
Resigned November 5, 1946, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
Vacant
Not filled this term

Virginia 7th

Absalom W. Robertson (D)
Resigned November 5, 1946, after being elected to the U.S. Senate

Burr Harrison (D)
November 5, 1946

Wisconsin 2nd

Robert K. Henry (R)
Died November 20, 1946
Vacant
Not filled this term


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (4 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.











Joint committees



  • Atomic Energy


  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

  • Disposition of Executive Papers

  • Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack

  • Legislative Budget

  • The Library

  • Organization of Congress

  • Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures

  • Selective Service Deferments

  • Taxation



Caucuses




  • Democratic (House)


  • Democratic (Senate)



Employees



Legislative branch agency directors




  • Architect of the Capitol: David Lynn


  • Attending Physician of the United States Congress: George Calver


  • Comptroller General of the United States: Lindsay C. Warren


  • Librarian of Congress: Luther H. Evans


  • Public Printer of the United States: Augustus E. Giegengack



Senate




  • Chaplain: Frederick Brown Harris (Methodist)


  • Parliamentarian: Charles Watkins


  • Secretary: Edwin A. Halsey (until January 29, 1945), Leslie Biffle (starting February 8, 1945)


  • Sergeant at Arms: Wall Doxey



House of Representatives




  • Chaplain: James Shera Montgomery (Methodist)


  • Clerk: South Trimble


  • Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler


  • Postmaster: Finis E. Scott


  • Reading Clerks: N/A (R) and N/A (D)


  • Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth Romney



See also




  • United States elections, 1944 (elections leading to this Congress)

    • United States presidential election, 1944

    • United States Senate elections, 1944

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1944




  • United States elections, 1946 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)

    • United States Senate elections, 1946

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1946





External links


  • Clerk of the House of Representatives


References





  1. ^ "Senate archive on the Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack". Retrieved October 18, 2015..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Jamison, Dennis (December 7, 2014). "The blame and victory of Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor".


  3. ^ "UNO Bill Approved By Senate, 65 to 7, With One Change". www.nytimes.com. Retrieved 6 April 2018.





  • House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 79th Congress (PDF).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 79th Congress, 1st Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 79th Congress, 1st Session (Revision).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 79th Congress, 2nd Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 79th Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).








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