Nano-




This article is about the SI prefix. For other uses, see Nano (disambiguation).





Nano- (symbol n) is a unit prefix meaning "one billionth". Used primarily with the metric system, this prefix denotes a factor of 10−9 or 0.000000001. It is frequently encountered in science and electronics for prefixing units of time and length.


Examples:



  • One nanometer is about the length that a fingernail grows in one second.

  • Three gold atoms lined up are about one nanometer long.

  • If a toy marble were scaled down to one nanometer wide, Earth would scale to about one meter (3.3 feet) wide.[1]

  • One nanosecond is about the time required for light to travel 30 cm in air, or 20 cm in an optical fiber.


The prefix derives from the Greek νᾶνος (Latin nanus), meaning "dwarf". The General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) officially endorsed the usage of nano as a standard prefix in 1960.


When used as a prefix for something other than a unit of measure (as for example in words like "nanoscience"), nano refers to nanotechnology, or means "on a scale of nanometres". See nanoscopic scale.







SI prefixes

  • v

  • t

  • e




























































































































































































































Prefix
 Base 1000
 Base 10
Decimal
 English word
 Adoption[nb 1]
Name
 Symbol
Short scale
Long scale

yotta
 Y
  10008
  1024
1000000000000000000000000
  septillion
  quadrillion
 1991

zetta
 Z
  10007
  1021
1000000000000000000000
  sextillion
  trilliard
 1991

exa
 E
  10006
  1018
1000000000000000000
  quintillion
  trillion
 1975

peta
 P
  10005
  1015
1000000000000000
  quadrillion
  billiard
 1975

tera
 T
  10004
  1012
1000000000000
  trillion
  billion
 1960

giga
 G
  10003
  109
1000000000
  billion
  milliard
 1960

mega
 M
  10002
  106
1000000
  million
 1873

kilo
 k
  10001
  103
1000
  thousand
 1795

hecto
 h
  10002/3
  102
 100
  hundred
 1795

deca
 da
  10001/3
  101
 10
  ten
 1795

 10000
  100
 1
  one
 –

deci
 d
  1000−1/3
  10−1
 0.1
  tenth
 1795

centi
 c
  1000−2/3 
  10−2
 0.01
  hundredth
 1795

milli
 m
  1000−1
  10−3
 0.001
  thousandth
 1795

micro
 μ
  1000−2
  10−6
0.000001
  millionth
 1873

nano
 n
  1000−3
  10−9
0.000000001
  billionth
  milliardth
 1960

pico
 p
  1000−4
  10−12
0.000000000001
  trillionth
  billionth
 1960

femto
 f
  1000−5
  10−15
0.000000000000001
  quadrillionth
  billiardth (Proposed)
 1964

atto
 a
  1000−6
  10−18
0.000000000000000001
  quintillionth
  trillionth
 1964

zepto
 z
  1000−7
  10−21
0.000000000000000000001
  sextillionth
  trilliardth
 1991

yocto
 y
  1000−8
  10−24 
0.000000000000000000000001
  septillionth
  quadrillionth
 1991





  1. ^ Prefixes adopted before 1960 already existed before SI. 1873 was the introduction of the CGS system.



See also


  • RKM code


References





  1. ^ http://www.nano.gov/nanotech-101/what/nano-size








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