Shani




In Hindu mythology, the planet Saturn, as well as a deity

For other uses, see Shani (disambiguation).
































































Shani
God of deeds, justice and the planet Saturn
Shani graha.JPG
Other names Shanishvara, Chayamarthanda, Kuchunooran,Sambhootha,karma phal data
Affiliation
Deva, Graha
Abode Shanilokaa
Planet Saturn
Mantra
"Nilanjana Samabhasam,
Raviputram Yamagrajam,
Chaaya Maartanda Sambhutam, Tham Namaami Shanishcharam" and
"Om Sham Shanaiscaryaye Namah"[1]
Weapon
sceptre, trident, axe
Tree Jammi/ Shami/ Khejri/ or Ghaf tree number = Eight (8) , seven (7)
Day Saturday
Color Black[2]
Mount
Crow,
Gender Male
Personal information
Consort
Manda, Neelima (inside shani or power of shani)
Offspring Gulikan/Manthi and Kuligna
Parents
Surya, Chhaya



23 foot tall statue of Shani in Bannanje, Udupi


Shani (Sanskrit: शनि, Śani) refers to the planet Saturn, and is one of the nine heavenly objects known as Navagraha in Hindu astrology.[3] Shani is also a male deity in the Puranas, whose iconography consists of a handsome figure carrying a sword or danda (sceptre), and sitting on a crow.[3][4]He is a god of Justice in hindu mythology and he give the benefits for all depends upon there deeds(karma[5][6]). His consort is goddess Manda.




Contents






  • 1 Planet


  • 2 Calendar


  • 3 Deity


  • 4 In television


  • 5 References


  • 6 Further reading


  • 7 External links





Planet


Shani as a planet appears in various Hindu astronomical texts in Sanskrit, such as the 5th century Aryabhatiya by Aryabhatta, the 6th-century Romaka by Latadeva and Panca Siddhantika by Varahamihira, the 7th century Khandakhadyaka by Brahmagupta and the 8th century Sisyadhivrddida by Lalla.[7][8][9] These texts present Shani as one of the planets and estimate the characteristics of the respective planetary motion.[7] Other texts such as Surya Siddhanta dated to have been complete sometime between the 5th century and 10th century present their chapters on various planets as divine knowledge linked to deities.[7]


The manuscripts of these texts exist in slightly different versions, present Shani's motion in the skies, but vary in their data, suggesting that the text were open and revised over their lives. The texts slightly disagree in their data, in their measurements of Shani's revolutions, apogee, epicycles, nodal longitudes, orbital inclination, and other parameters.[10] For example, both Khandakhadyaka and Surya Siddhanta of Varaha state that Shani completes 146,564 revolutions on its own axis every 4,320,000 earth years, an Epicycle of Apsis as 60 degrees, and had an apogee (aphelia) of 240 degrees in 499 CE; while another manuscript of Surya Siddhanta revises the revolutions to 146,568, the apogee to 236 degrees and 37 seconds and the Epicycle to about 49 degrees.[11]


The 1st millennium CE Hindu scholars had estimated the time it took for sidereal revolutions of each planet including Shani, from their astronomical studies, with slightly different results:[12]


























Sanskrit texts: How many days for Shani (Saturn) to complete its orbit?
Source
 Estimated time per sidereal revolution[12]

Surya Siddhanta
 10,765 days, 18 hours, 33 minutes, 13.6 seconds

Siddhanta Shiromani
 10,765 days, 19 hours, 33 minutes, 56.5 seconds

Ptolemy
 10,758 days, 17 hours, 48 minutes, 14.9 seconds
20th century calculations
 10,759 days, 5 hours, 16 minutes, 32.2 seconds


Calendar


Shani is the basis for Shanivara – one of the seven days that make a week in the Hindu calendar.[4] This day corresponds to Saturday – after Saturn – in the Greco-Roman convention for naming the days of the week.[13][14] The zodiac and naming system of Hindu astrology, including those on Shani as Saturn, likely developed in the centuries after the arrival of Greek astrology with Alexander the Great,[15][16][17] their zodiac signs being nearly identical.[18][19]



Deity


Shani is a deity in medieval era texts, who is considered inauspicious and the bringer of bad luck.[20] He is a deity who gets angry easily and takes revenge on whoever made him upset.[4] In medieval Hindu literature, inconsistent mythologies sometimes refer to him as the son of Sun and Chayya (shadow), or as the son of Balarama and Revati.[3][21] His alternate names include Ara, Kona and Kroda.[3]


The fig tree called Pipal in some Indian texts is the abode of Shani (while other texts associate the same tree with Vasudeva).[22]


In 2013, a 20-foot-tall statue of Lord Shani was established at Yerdanur in the mandal of Sangareddy, Medak district, nearly 40 kilometers from Hyderabad city. It was carved from a monolith and weighs about nine tonnes.[23]



In television



  • Daya Shankar Pandey played the role of Shani Dev in Mahima Shani Dev Ki which aired on NDTV Imagine from 2010 to 2012.

  • On November 7, 2016 the show Karmafal Daata Shani aired on Colors TV; it depicts the life of Shani. Kartikey Malviya plays the role of younger Shani and Rohit Khurana of mature Shani.The show ended on March 9, 2018.

  • In 2017 the remake of the Karmafal Daata Shani was made in Kannada titled Shani telecasted on Colors Kannada. Sunil plays the role of young Shani.

  • In 2018 the remake of the Karmafal Daata Shani was made in Tamil titled Sangadam theerkum Saneeshwaran was telecasted on Colors Tamil.



References





  1. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 September 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2018.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link).mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ http://www.astrosagar.com/article.asp?id=71


  3. ^ abcd Roshen Dalal (2010). Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide. Penguin Books India. p. 373. ISBN 978-0-14-341421-6.


  4. ^ abc James G. Lochtefeld (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z. The Rosen Publishing Group. pp. 608–609. ISBN 978-0-8239-3180-4.


  5. ^ karma is a deeds of people and also defined as a action of people.It may be a god or bad.This karma benefits is given by Surya and Chhaya putra Lord Shani dev in Hindu mythology.


  6. ^ LastWeekTonight (2018-09-09), Felony Disenfranchisement: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (HBO), retrieved 2018-10-27


  7. ^ abc Ebenezer Burgess (1989). P Ganguly, P Sengupta, ed. Sûrya-Siddhânta: A Text-book of Hindu Astronomy. Motilal Banarsidass (Reprint), Original: Yale University Press, American Oriental Society. pp. vii–xi. ISBN 978-81-208-0612-2.


  8. ^ Aryabhatta; H. Kern (Editor, Commentary) (1973). The Aryabhatiya (in Sanskrit and English). Brill Archive. pp. 6, 21.


  9. ^ Bina Chatterjee (1970). The Khandakhadyaka (an astronomical treatise) of Brahmagupta: with the commentary of Bhattotpala (in Sanskrit). Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 75–77, 40, 69. OCLC 463213346.


  10. ^ Ebenezer Burgess (1989). P Ganguly, P Sengupta, ed. Sûrya-Siddhânta: A Text-book of Hindu Astronomy. Motilal Banarsidass (Reprint), Original: Yale University Press, American Oriental Society. pp. ix–xi. ISBN 978-81-208-0612-2.


  11. ^ Ebenezer Burgess (1989). P Ganguly, P Sengupta, ed. Sûrya-Siddhânta: A Text-book of Hindu Astronomy. Motilal Banarsidass (Edited and Reprinted), Original: Yale University Press, American Oriental Society. pp. ix–x. ISBN 978-81-208-0612-2.


  12. ^ ab Ebenezer Burgess (1989). P Ganguly, P Sengupta, ed. Sûrya-Siddhânta: A Text-book of Hindu Astronomy. Motilal Banarsidass (Reprint), Original: Yale University Press, American Oriental Society. pp. 26–27. ISBN 978-81-208-0612-2.


  13. ^ Walter W. Skeat (1993). The Concise Dictionary of English Etymology. Wordsworth. p. 415. ISBN 978-1-85326-311-8.


  14. ^ T. F. Hoad (2008). "Saturday". The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. Oxford University Press. p. 1329. ISBN 978-1-4395-0571-7.


  15. ^ Yukio Ohashi 1999, pp. 719–721.


  16. ^ Pingree 1973, pp. 2–3.


  17. ^ Erik Gregersen (2011). The Britannica Guide to the History of Mathematics. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 187. ISBN 978-1-61530-127-0.


  18. ^ James Lochtefeld (2002), "Jyotisha" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A–M, Rosen Publishing,
    ISBN 0-8239-2287-1, pages 326–327


  19. ^ Nicholas Campion (2012). Astrology and Cosmology in the World's Religions. New York University Press. pp. 110–111. ISBN 978-0-8147-0842-2.


  20. ^ Michael Jordan (2014). Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses. Infobase Publishing. p. 283. ISBN 978-1-4381-0985-5.


  21. ^ John Dowson (2013). A Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion, Geography, History and Literature. Routledge. p. 278. ISBN 978-1-136-39029-6.


  22. ^ David L. Haberman (2013). People Trees: Worship of Trees in Northern India. Oxford University Press. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-19-992916-0.


  23. ^ Avadhani, R. (17 February 2013). "Largest Shani statue unveiled". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 20 February 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2014.




Further reading




  • Svoboda, Robert. The Greatness of Saturn: A Therapeutic Myth. Lotus Press, 1997.
    ISBN 0-940985-62-4


  • Pingree, David (1973). "The Mesopotamian Origin of Early Indian Mathematical Astronomy". Journal for the History of Astronomy. SAGE. 4 (1). doi:10.1177/002182867300400102.


  • Pingree, David (1981). Jyotihśāstra : Astral and Mathematical Literature. Otto Harrassowitz. ISBN 978-3-447-02165-4.


  • Yukio Ohashi (1999). Johannes Andersen, ed. Highlights of Astronomy, Volume 11B. Springer Science. ISBN 978-0-7923-5556-4.



External links












  • Astronomical Names for the Days of the Week, M Falk (1999)


  • The God Shani or the Planet Saturn, Iconongraphy on a column in Madurai Meenakshi Temple, British Library











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