Denver International Airport




This article is about the current airport open since 1995. For the airport previously serving Denver, Colorado, see Stapleton International Airport.

Airport in Denver, Colorado, United States





















































Denver International Airport
Denver International Airport Logo.png

  • IATA: DEN

  • ICAO: KDEN

  • FAA LID: DEN

  • WMO: 72565

Summary
Airport type Public
Owner City & County of Denver Department of Aviation
Operator City & County of Denver Department of Aviation
Serves
Denver, the Front Range Urban Corridor, Eastern Colorado, Southeastern Wyoming, and the Nebraska Panhandle
Location Northeastern Denver, Colorado, U.S.

Hub for

  • Frontier Airlines

  • United Airlines

Focus city for

  • Boutique Air

  • Southwest Airlines
Elevation AMSL
 5,431 ft / 1,655 m
Coordinates
39°51′42″N 104°40′23″W / 39.86167°N 104.67306°W / 39.86167; -104.67306Coordinates: 39°51′42″N 104°40′23″W / 39.86167°N 104.67306°W / 39.86167; -104.67306
Website http://www.flydenver.com
Map



DEN is located in Colorado

DEN

DEN



Location of airport in Colorado / United States

Show map of Colorado



DEN is located in the United States

DEN

DEN




DEN (the United States)

Show map of the United States


Runways
















































Direction
 Length
 Surface
ft
 m
7/25
 12,000
 3,658
 Concrete
8/26
 12,000
 3,658
 Concrete
16L/34R
 12,000
 3,658
 Concrete
16R/34L
 16,000
 4,877
 Concrete
17L/35R
 12,000
 3,658
 Concrete
17R/35L
 12,000
 3,658
 Concrete

Statistics (2018)













Passengers 64,494,613
Aircraft operations 603,403
Economic impact (2013) $26.3 billion[1]
Source: Denver International Airport[2]

Denver International Airport (IATA: DEN, ICAO: KDEN, FAA LID: DEN), locally referred to as DIA,[3] is an international airport primarily serving metropolitan Denver, Colorado, United States as well as the greater Front Range Urban Corridor. At 33,531 acres (13,570 ha, 52.4 sq mi),[4] it is the largest airport in North America by total land area and the second largest in the world.[5] Runway 16R/34L, with a length of 16,000 feet (4,877 m), is the longest public use runway in North America and the seventh longest in the world. With over 35,000 employees, the airport is the largest employer in Colorado.


Denver currently has non-stop service to 205 destinations throughout North America, Latin America, Europe, and Asia. It is the fourth airport in the United States to reach the 200 marker.[6] It also has the 2nd largest domestic network of any airport in the country with flights to around 185 U.S. destinations. As of 2018[update], DIA is the 20th busiest airport in the world and the fifth busiest in the United States by passenger traffic handling 64,494,613 passengers.


The airport is a major hub for Frontier Airlines, United Airlines, and is a main operating base for Southwest Airlines. These three airlines' combined operations made up about 85% of the total passenger traffic at DIA as of December 2018[update].[2]




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Geography


  • 3 Facilities


    • 3.1 Terminal


    • 3.2 Hotel and Transit Center


    • 3.3 Ground transportation




  • 4 Airlines and destinations


    • 4.1 Passenger


    • 4.2 Cargo




  • 5 Statistics


    • 5.1 Top destinations


    • 5.2 Annual traffic


    • 5.3 Airline market share




  • 6 Features


    • 6.1 Aesthetics


    • 6.2 Art


      • 6.2.1 Blue Mustang


      • 6.2.2 Other




    • 6.3 Solar energy system




  • 7 Accidents and incidents


  • 8 Conspiracy theories and controversy


    • 8.1 Conspiracy theories


    • 8.2 Land dispute




  • 9 See also


  • 10 References


  • 11 External links





History



The Air Traffic Control Tower at Denver International Airport with a United Airlines Boeing 737-800 below.

The Air Traffic Control Tower at Denver International Airport with a United Airlines Boeing 737-800 below


Denver has traditionally been home to one of the busier airports in the nation because of its location. Many airlines including United Airlines, Western Airlines, the old Frontier Airlines and People Express were hubbed at the old Stapleton International Airport, and there was also a significant Southwest Airlines operation. In addition, Stapleton had transatlantic charter services from Martinair, Condor, and Monarch Airlines among others at the time of closure, which was followed by Korean Air and LTU International once DIA opened. At times, Stapleton was a hub for three or four airlines. The main reasons that justified the construction of the new DIA included the fact that gate space was severely limited at Stapleton; its runways were unable to deal efficiently with Denver's weather and wind patterns, causing nationwide travel disruption.


From 1980 to 1983, the Denver Regional Council of Governments (DRCOG) investigated six areas for a new metro area airport that were north and east of Denver. In September 1989, under the leadership of Denver Mayor Federico Peña, federal officials authorized the outlay of the first $60 million (equivalent to $121 million today) for the construction of DIA. Two years later, Mayor Wellington Webb inherited the megaproject, scheduled to open on October 29, 1993.[7]


Delays caused by poor planning and repeated design changes due to changing requirements from United Airlines caused Mayor Webb to push opening day back, first to December 1993, then to March 1994. By September 1993, delays due to a millwright strike and other events meant opening day was pushed back again, to May 15, 1994. In April 1994, the city invited reporters to observe the first test of the new automated baggage system. Reporters were treated to scenes of clothing and other personal effects scattered beneath the system's tracks, while the actuators that moved luggage from belt to belt would often toss the luggage right off the system instead. The mayor cancelled the planned May 15 opening. The baggage system continued to be a maintenance hassle and was finally terminated in September 2005,[8] with traditional baggage handlers manually handling cargo and passenger luggage.


On September 25, 1994, the airport hosted a fly-in that drew several hundred general aviation aircraft, providing pilots with a unique opportunity to operate in and out of the new airport, and to wander around on foot looking at the ground-side facilities—including the baggage system, which was still under testing. FAA controllers also took advantage of the event to test procedures, and to check for holes in radio coverage as planes taxied around and among the buildings. DIA finally replaced Stapleton on February 28, 1995, 16 months behind schedule and at a cost of $4.8 billion (equivalent to $7.9 billion today),[9] nearly $2 billion over budget ($3.3 billion today).[10] The construction employed 11,000 workers.[11]United Airlines Flight 1062 to Kansas City International Airport was the first to depart and United Flight 1474 from Colorado Springs Airport was the first to arrive.[10]


After the airport's runways were completed but before it opened, the airport used the codes (IATA: DVX, ICAO: KDVX). DIA later took over (IATA: DEN, ICAO: KDEN) as its codes from Stapleton when the latter airport closed. During the blizzard of March 17–19, 2003, the weight of heavy snow tore a hole in the terminal's white fabric roof. Over two feet of snow on the paved areas closed the airport (and its main access road, Peña Boulevard) for almost two days. Several thousand people were stranded at DIA.[12][13]



A Southwest Airlines Boeing 737-800 taxis north with the airport's Westin Hotel, Jeppesen Terminal and the skybridge to Concourse A behind.

A Southwest Airlines Boeing 737-800 taxis north at Denver International Airport


In 2004, DIA was ranked first in major airports for on-time arrivals according to the FAA. Another blizzard on December 20 and 21, 2006 dumped over 20 inches (51 cm) of snow in about 24 hours. The airport was closed for more than 45 hours, stranding thousands.[14] Following that blizzard, the airport invested heavily in new snow-removal equipment that has led to a dramatic reduction in runway occupancy times to clear snow, down from an average of 45 minutes in 2006 to just 15 minutes in 2014. As part of the original design of the airport the city specified passenger volume "triggers" that would lead to a redevelopment of the master plan and possible new construction to make sure the airport is able to meet Denver's needs.[15] The city hit its first-phase capacity threshold in 2008, and DIA is currently revising the master plan. As part of the master plan update, the airport announced selection of Parsons Corporation to design a new hotel, rail station and two bridges leading into the main terminal. The airport has the ability to add up to six additional runways, bringing the total number of runways to 12. Once fully built out, DIA should be able to handle 110 million passengers per year, up from 32 million at its opening.


On September 9, 2015, a political campaign was launched by Mayor Michael Hancock to radically expand commercial development at DIA, development previously prohibited by intergovernmental agreement between Denver and Adams County.[16] The changes to the agreement were approved by both Denver and Adams County voters in November 2015.[17] On November 19, 2015 the first part of a Hotel and Transit Center, the hotel, opened adjacent to the Jeppesen Terminal. On April 22, 2016, commuter rail service to the Hotel and Transit Center from Denver Union Station began.



Geography




KDEN FAA airport diagram


The airport is 25 miles (40 km) driving distance from downtown Denver,[18] which is 19 miles (31 km) farther away than Stapleton International Airport, the airport it replaced.[10] The distant location was chosen to avoid aircraft noise affecting developed areas, to accommodate a generous runway layout that would not be compromised by blizzards, and to allow for future expansion.


The 52.4 square miles (136 km2; 33,500 acres)[4] of land occupied by the airport is more than one and a half times the size of Manhattan (33.6 square miles or 87 square kilometres). DIA is by far the largest land area commercial airport in the United States.[4]Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport is a distant second at 27.0 square miles (70 km2). The land was transferred from Adams County to Denver after a 1989 vote,[19] increasing the city's size by 50 percent and bifurcating the western portion of the neighboring county. As a result, the Adams County cities of Aurora, Brighton, and Commerce City are actually closer to the airport than much of Denver. All freeway traffic accessing the airport from central Denver leaves the city and passes through Aurora for just shy of two miles (3.2 km), making the airport a practical exclave. Similarly, the A Line rail service connecting the airport with downtown Denver has two intervening stations in Aurora.



Facilities



Terminal




The pedestrian bridge connecting the Jeppesen Terminal with Concourse A




Overhead view of the Concourse C train station


Jeppesen Terminal, named after aviation safety pioneer Elrey Jeppesen, is the land side of the airport. Road traffic accesses the airport directly off of Peña Boulevard, which in turn is fed by Interstate 70 and E-470. Two covered and uncovered parking areas are directly attached to the terminal – four garages and an economy parking lot on the east side; and four garages and an economy lot on the west side.


The main terminal has six official floors, connected by elevators and escalators. Floors 1–3 comprise the lowest levels of the parking garages as well as the economy lots on both sides of the terminal. Floor 4 contains passenger pickup, as well as short-term and long-term parking. Floor 5 is used for parking as well as drop offs and pickups for taxis and shuttles to rental car lots and off-site parking. The fifth floor also contains the baggage carousels and security checkpoints. Floor 6 is used for passenger drop off and check-in counters. Passengers are routed first to airline ticket counters or kiosks on the sixth floor for checking in.


DIA has three midfield concourses, spaced far apart. Concourse A is accessible via a pedestrian bridge directly from the terminal building, as well as via the underground train system that services all three concourses. For access to Concourses B and C, passengers must utilize the train. Once in 1998 and again once in 2012, the train system encountered technical problems and shut down for several hours, creating tremendous back-logs of passengers in the main terminal since no pedestrian walkways exist between the terminal and the B and C Concourses. On both occasions, buses had to be used because of the train problems.[20]


In 2018, work began on a major interior renovation and reconfiguration including the beginning phases of construction to relocate two out of the three TSA security checkpoints from the Great Hall on Level 5 to Level 6 (East & West) while simultaneously updating and consolidating airline ticket counters/check-in for all airlines. Eventually, both pre and post security gathering and leisure areas will be incorporated into the spaces where both expansive TSA security areas on Level 5 are currently located. This will bring back the original intent and use of the Great Hall as a large commons area for airport patrons and visitors to enjoy. This phased project, along with a 39 gate expansion project to all three concourses, is expected to be completed by the end of 2021 with a total price tag of around $3.5 billion.[21] When both the terminal renovation and concourse expansions are completed, the airport should be able to handle upwards of 90 million passengers per year.[22]


Concourse A has 38 gates.[23] Twelve of these gates are equipped to handle international arrivals, and five gates are equipped to handle wide-body aircraft, of which two have twin jet bridges labeled A and B. Concourse A handles all international arrivals at the airport (excluding airports with border preclearance), as well as the departing flights of all international carriers serving Denver. Furthermore, all domestic airlines, except for Alaska, Southwest, Spirit, and United, use this concourse, with Frontier Airlines having the largest presence.


At the time of the airport's opening, Concourse A was to be solely used by Continental Airlines for its Denver hub. However, due to its emergence from bankruptcy, as well as fierce competition from United Airlines, Continental chose to dismantle its hub immediately after the opening, and only operated a handful of gates on A, before eventually moving to Concourse B prior to its merger with United.[24]


Two airline lounges are located on the top floor of the central section of Concourse A: the shared American Airlines Admirals Club/British Airways Executive Club Lounge, and a Delta Air Lines Sky Club, the latter of which opened in 2016 in the location of the former USO lounge which relocated to a larger space nearby.[25]


In May 2018, construction began on a 12-gate expansion to the west end of Concourse A. The first five gates are expected to be completed by June 2020 with the remaining project to be completed by December 2020. Some of the new gates will be additional gates capable of handling larger wide-body aircraft for international flights with direct access to U.S. Customs and Border Protection. In early 2018 a temporary concourse extension opened at the east end of A. This will be primarily used by United Airlines for regional planes while work to Concourse B - that requires demolishing a 12-gate regional finger on its east end making way for a second regional jet concourse - takes place. This extension to Concourse A is expected to be removed in late 2020 once construction work to Concourse B finishes. When finished, gate capacity in Concourse A will be increased by nearly 32% to 50 gates.


Concourse B has 70 gates.[23]United Airlines is the sole occupant of Concourse B. Mainline United flights operate from the main concourse building, whereas United Express operations are primarily handled at the east end of the concourse, which currently includes two concourse extensions for smaller regional planes. Four B gates near the center of the concourse are equipped to handle wide-body aircraft and each have twin jet bridges labeled A and B.


Former tenants of Concourse B include Continental Airlines and US Airways. Both airlines relocated there in November 2009 after United reached an agreement with DIA to allocate five gates at the western end of the concourse for use by its domestic Star Alliance partners. United would regain control of the three Continental gates after the merger between the two airlines. And as in February 2015, US Airways relocated the operations of their two gates to Concourse A as part of its merger process with American Airlines.[26]


There are two United Clubs on the second floor of Concourse B, situated about an equal distance away from the people mover station: one near gate B32 and the other near gate B44.


In May 2018, construction began on an 11-gate expansion to Concourse B. Four regular gates will be added to the west end and seven regional gates to the east end ultimately creating a 2nd regional jet concourse extension mirroring an existing one that opened in 2007. Completion is expected by May 2020. When finished, gate capacity in Concourse B will be increased by nearly 16% to 81 gates.


Concourse C has 29 gates. Southwest Airlines is the primary occupant of the concourse with only two other airlines; Alaska Airlines and Spirit Airlines utilizing the concourse. A 2014 expansion added five new gates to the west end of the concourse. The expansion, at a cost of $46 million, allowed Southwest to consolidate all of its operations onto Concourse C (prior to the expansion, Southwest was using two gates on Concourse A, which it had inherited from its merger with AirTran Airways).[27]


In early 2018 it was announced that American Express would be opening a 14,650 square-foot Centurion Lounge in the upper level of the eastern wing of Concourse C. The lounge is expected to open sometime in 2019 and will be the second largest of its kind once open.


In May 2018, construction began on a 16-gate expansion to the east end of Concourse C. The project is expected to be completed by January 2021. When finished, gate capacity in Concourse C will be increased by nearly 55% to 45 gates.



Hotel and Transit Center


The DIA Hotel and Transit Center is made up of three integrated functional areas: hotel, public land transportation, and public plaza.


A $544 million construction project was recently completed (April 2016) directly connecting a hotel and transit center to the Jeppesen terminal. The project includes a commuter rail train station, run by Regional Transportation District's (RTD) FasTracks system and a 519-room hotel and conference center, run by Westin Hotels & Resorts. The hotel opened November 19, 2015[28] and the commuter rail service began on April 22, 2016. Gensler and AndersonMasonDale Architects were the architects for the project. The builder of the project was MHS, a tri-venture composed of Mortenson Construction, Hunt Construction and Saunders Construction.[29] Construction had begun on October 5, 2011.[30][31] The rail station is located underneath the hotel with a 150 foot (46 m) canopy extending out and south from the hotel over the tracks for protection from weather. The rail service provides a direct connection between Denver Union Station and the airport for both visitors and locals. There is also room for expanded rail service to/from the airport, if needed. Ten bus bays are also founder under the hotel and adjacent to the transit center/rail lines providing bus connections for RTD regional buses directly connecting cities like Aurora, Boulder and Westminster in addition to shuttle service for economy lots and airport employees. An 82,000 square-foot public plaza between the hotel and main terminal is one of Denver's newest venues for arts and entertainment and provides an area for travelers and visitors to relax and enjoy art, food, drinks, seasonal outdoor activities, sunshine and spanning views of the Rocky Mountains to the west and the Great Plains to the east without having to leave the airport.[32] The plaza is operated by Denver Arts and Venues, the City and County of Denver agency that operates Denver owned entertainment venues.



Ground transportation


The Regional Transportation District (RTD) operates three bus routes under the frequent airport express bus service called skyRide, as well as one Express bus route and one Limited bus route, between DIA and various locations throughout the Denver-Aurora and Boulder metropolitan areas. RTD also operates the University of Colorado A Line, a commuter rail line that runs between the airport and Union Station in Downtown Denver.


Scheduled bus service is also available to points such as Fort Collins and van services stretch into Nebraska, Wyoming, and Colorado summer and ski resort areas. Amtrak offers a Fly-Rail plan for ticketing with United Airlines for trips into scenic areas in the Western U.S. via a Denver stopover.


The Regional Transportation District's airport rail link is an electric commuter rail line that runs from Denver Union Station to the DIA Hotel and Transit Center. Under a sponsorship agreement called "University of Colorado A Line" and also called the "East Rail Line" connects passengers between downtown Denver and Denver International Airport in about 37 minutes. The line connects to RTD's rail service that runs throughout the metro area. The A Line is a 22.8-mile commuter rail transit corridor connecting these two important areas while serving adjacent employment centers, neighborhoods and development areas in Denver and Aurora. The A Line was constructed and funded as part of the Eagle P3 public-private partnership and opened for service on April 22, 2016.



Airlines and destinations



Passenger




















































































































































Airlines Destinations Refs
Aeroméxico Seasonal: Mexico City [33]
Aeroméxico Connect Seasonal: Monterrey [33]
Air Canada Toronto–Pearson
Seasonal: Montréal–Trudeau 		[34]
Air Canada Express Vancouver
Seasonal: Montréal–Trudeau
 [34]
Alaska Airlines Seattle/Tacoma [35]
Allegiant Air Asheville, Cincinnati, Knoxville (begins May 22, 2019)[36]
 [37]
American Airlines Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Miami, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor [38]
American Eagle Los Angeles [38]
Boutique Air Alamosa (CO), Alliance, Chadron, Cortez, Dodge City, McCook, Telluride [39]
British Airways London–Heathrow [40]
Cayman Airways Seasonal: Grand Cayman [41]
 [42]
Copa Airlines Panama City [43]
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Cincinnati, Detroit, Los Angeles, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK, New York–LaGuardia, Salt Lake City, Seattle/Tacoma [44]
Delta Connection Los Angeles, Salt Lake City
Seasonal: Cincinnati 		[44]
Denver Air Connection Riverton, Sheridan (WY) [45]
Edelweiss Air Seasonal: Zürich [46]
Frontier Airlines Albuquerque, Atlanta, Austin, Billings (resumes May 30, 2019),[47]Birmingham (AL), Boise, Buffalo, Calgary, Cancún, Charleston (SC), Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus–Glenn, Dallas/Fort Worth, Des Moines, El Paso, Greenville/Spartanburg, Houston–Intercontinental, Huntsville, Indianapolis, Jackson (MS), Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City, Lafayette (LA), Las Vegas, Little Rock, Los Angeles, Louisville, Madison, Memphis, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Mobile-Downtown (begins May 1, 2019),[48]Nashville, New Orleans, Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Ontario, Orange County, Orlando, Pensacola, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Pittsburgh, Portland (OR), Raleigh/Durham, Reno/Tahoe, Sacramento, St. Louis, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Jose (CA), San Francisco, Santa Barbara, Seattle/Tacoma, Syracuse, Tampa, Tucson, Tulsa, Washington–Dulles, Washington–National, Wichita
Seasonal: Albany, Baltimore (begins March 15, 2019),[49]Bismarck, Bloomington/Normal, Boston (begins April 30, 2019), Bozeman, Branson (begins April 13, 2019), Burlington (VT) (begins May 1, 2019), Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Detroit, Fargo, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Fresno, Grand Rapids, Green Bay (begins May 23, 2019),[50]Greensboro, Harlingen, Harrisburg, Hartford (begins March 28, 2019),[49]Jackson Hole, Knoxville, Missoula, Myrtle Beach, New York–LaGuardia, Palm Springs, Portland (ME), Providence, Puerto Vallarta, San José del Cabo, Sioux Falls, Savannah, Spokane 		[51]
Icelandair Reykjavík–Keflavík [52]
JetBlue Airways Boston, New York–JFK [53]
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich [54]
Norwegian Air Shuttle London–Gatwick
Seasonal: Paris–Charles de Gaulle 		[55]
Southwest Airlines Albany, Albuquerque, Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Boise, Boston, Buffalo (resumes June 9, 2019), Burbank, Cancún, Chicago–Midway, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus–Glenn, Dallas–Love, Detroit, El Paso, Fort Lauderdale, Grand Rapids, Hartford, Houston–Hobby, Indianapolis, Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City, Las Vegas, Long Beach, Louisville, Los Angeles, Lubbock, Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Nashville, New Orleans, New York–LaGuardia, Newark, Oakland, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Ontario, Orange County (CA), Orlando, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Pittsburgh, Puerto Vallarta, Portland (OR), Raleigh/Durham, Reno/Tahoe, Sacramento, St. Louis, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), Seattle/Tacoma, Spokane, San José del Cabo, Tampa, Tucson, Tulsa, Washington–Dulles
Seasonal: Belize City, Charleston (SC), Fort Myers, Norfolk, Panama City (FL), Pensacola 		[56]
Spirit Airlines Austin, Baltimore, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Detroit, Fort Lauderdale, Houston–Intercontinental, Las Vegas, New Orleans, Orlando
Seasonal: Atlanta (begins May 2, 2019),[57]Los Angeles, Minneapolis/St. Paul 		[58]
Sun Country Airlines
Seasonal: Minneapolis/St. Paul
United Airlines Albuquerque, Anchorage, Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Billings, Boise, Boston, Bozeman, Burbank, Cancún, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Dallas/Fort Worth, Des Moines, Detroit, Eugene, Fort Lauderdale, Frankfurt (begins May 2, 2019),[59]Hartford, Honolulu, Houston–Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Jacksonville (FL), Kahului, Kansas City, Kailua–Kona, Las Vegas, Lihue, Los Angeles, Madison, Medford, Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Missoula, New Orleans, New York–LaGuardia, Newark, Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Ontario, Orange County, Orlando, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Pittsburgh, Portland (OR), Puerto Vallarta, Raleigh/Durham, Reno/Tahoe, Richmond, Sacramento, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), San José del Cabo, Seattle/Tacoma, Sioux Falls, Spokane, Tampa, Tokyo–Narita, Toronto–Pearson, Tucson, Tulsa, Vancouver, Washington–Dulles, Washington–National, Wichita
Seasonal: Burlington (VT) (begins June 8, 2019), Calgary, Columbus–Glenn, Cozumel, Eagle/Vail, Edmonton, Fairbanks (begins June 6, 2019),[60]Fort Myers, Grand Rapids, Jackson Hole, Kalispell, Liberia (CR), London–Heathrow, Miami, Montrose, Nashville, Palm Springs, Portland (ME) (begins June 8, 2019), Santa Barbara, Sarasota, St. Louis, West Palm Beach 		[61]
United Express Albuquerque, Amarillo, Appleton, Aspen, Atlanta, Austin, Bakersfield, Billings, Birmingham (AL), Bismarck, Boise, Bozeman, Burbank, Calgary, Casper, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Charleston (SC) (begins June 6, 2019),[62]Charlotte, Cleveland, Cody, Colorado Springs, Columbia (MO), Columbus–Glenn, Dallas/Fort Worth, Dayton, Des Moines, Devils Lake, Dickinson, Durango (CO), Eagle/Vail, Edmonton, El Paso, Eugene, Eureka (begins June 6, 2019),[63]Everett (begins March 31, 2019),[64]Fargo, Fayetteville/Bentonville, Flagstaff (begins March 31, 2019),[65]Fresno, Gillette, Grand Junction, Grand Rapids, Great Falls, Greenville–Spartanburg (begins June 7, 2019), Gunnison/Crested Butte, Hayden/Steamboat Springs, Hays, Helena, Houston–Intercontinental, Huntsville, Idaho Falls, Indianapolis, Jackson Hole, Jamestown (ND), Kalispell, Kansas City, Kearney, Knoxville, Laramie, Liberal, Lincoln, Little Rock, Louisville, Lubbock, Madison, Medford, Memphis, Midland/Odessa, Minot, Missoula, Moab, Monterey, Moline/Quad Cities, Montrose, Nashville, New Orleans, North Platte, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Palm Springs, Pierre (begins April 3, 2019), Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Prescott, Pueblo, Rapid City, Redmond/Bend, Reno/Tahoe, Richmond, Rock Springs, Sacramento, St. George (UT), St. Louis, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Jose (CA), San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Santa Fe, Santa Rosa, Scottsbluff, Shreveport, Sioux Falls, Spokane, Springfield/Branson, Syracuse (begins June 6, 2019), Tri-Cities (WA), Tucson, Tulsa, Vancouver, Vernal, Watertown (SD) (begins April 3, 2019), Wichita, Williston, Winnipeg
Seasonal: Brownsville, Cincinnati, Fort Walton Beach, Mammoth Lakes, Minneapolis/St. Paul, North Bend/Coos Bay, Pensacola, Seattle/Tacoma, Sun Valley, Traverse City 		[61]
Volaris Chihuahua, Guadalajara, Mexico City [66]
WestJet Calgary [67]


Cargo







































Airlines Destinations
AirNet Express Columbus–Rickenbacker
Amazon Air Cincinnati, Ontario
Bemidji Airlines Colby, Goodland, McCook, North Platte, Sidney, Trinidad
DHL Aviation Cincinnati, Reno/Tahoe
FedEx Express Billings, Fort Worth/Alliance, Fresno, Indianapolis, Los Angeles, Memphis, Oakland, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, San Jose
Seasonal: Houston– Intercontinental
IAG Cargo London–Heathrow
Lufthansa Cargo Frankfurt, Munich
UPS Airlines Billings, Burbank, Chicago/Rockford, Louisville, Ontario, Reno/Tahoe, Salt Lake City, Seattle–Boeing
Seasonal: Hartford


Statistics



Top destinations









































































Busiest domestic routes from DEN (January 2018 - December 2018)[68]
Rank
 City
 Passengers
 Carriers
1
California Los Angeles, California
 1,208,400
 American, Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, United
2
Arizona Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Arizona
 1,048,920
 American, Frontier, Southwest, United
3
Illinois Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois
 989,300
 American, Frontier, Spirit, United
4
Nevada Las Vegas, Nevada
 973,950
 Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, United
5
California San Francisco, California
 940,140
 Frontier, Southwest, United
6
Washington (state) Seattle/Tacoma, Washington
 935,350
 Alaska, Delta, Frontier, Southwest, United
7
Georgia (U.S. state) Atlanta, Georgia
 826,180
 Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, United
8
Utah Salt Lake City, Utah
 819,400
 Delta, Frontier, Southwest, United
9
Minnesota Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota
 813,060
 Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, Sun Country, United
10
Texas Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas
 786,620
 American, Frontier, Spirit, United








































































Busiest international routes from DEN (Jan. 2017 – Dec. 2017)[69]
Rank
 Airport
 2017 Passengers
 Carriers
1
Mexico Cancún, Mexico
 447,000
 Frontier, Southwest, United
2
Canada Vancouver, Canada
 224,239
 Air Canada, United
3
Canada Toronto–Pearson, Canada
 221,310
 Air Canada, United
4
Germany Frankfurt, Germany
 214,983
 Lufthansa
5
United Kingdom London–Heathrow, United Kingdom
 195,764
 British Airways
6
Canada Calgary, Canada
 173,468
 Frontier, United, WestJet
7
Mexico San José del Cabo, Mexico
 165,357
 Frontier, Southwest, United
8
Mexico Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
 164,256
 Frontier, Southwest, United
9
Germany Munich, Germany
 152,386
 Lufthansa
10
Japan Tokyo–Narita, Japan
 138,975
 United


Annual traffic
































































































































Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at DEN, 1995 through 2018[70][71]
Year
 Passengers
 Change
 Year
 Passengers
 Change
 Year
 Passengers
 Change
1995
 31,067,498 (a)
 Steady 2005
 43,387,369
Increase02.6%
 2015
 54,014,502
Increase01.0%
1996 32,296,174
Increase04.0%		 2006 47,326,506
Increase09.1%		 2016 58,266,515
Increase07.9%
1997 34,969,837
Increase08.3%		 2007 49,863,352
Increase05.4%		 2017 61,379,396
Increase05.3%
1998 36,831,400
Increase05.3%		 2008 51,245,334
Increase02.8%		 2018 64,494,613
Increase05.1%
1999 38,034,017
Increase03.2%		 2009 50,167,485
Decrease02.1%
2000 38,751,687
Increase01.9%		 2010 51,985,038
Increase03.6%
2001 36,092,806
Decrease06.9%		 2011 52,849,132
Increase01.7%
2002 35,652,084
Decrease01.2%		 2012 53,156,278
Increase00.6%
2003 37,505,267
Increase05.2%		 2013 52,556,359
Decrease01.1%
2004 42,275,913
Increase012.7%		 2014 53,472,514
Increase01.7%

(a) Passenger totals for first two months of 1995 reflect operations at Stapleton International Airport.


Since the airport's opening in March 1995 through the end of 2018, over 1.1 billion passengers (enplaned+deplaned) have gone through DEN. This represents an average of over 46.2 million passengers annually.



Airline market share
















































Airline Market Share (January 2018 - December 2018)[72]
Rank Carrier Passengers Share
1 United 18,247,000 30.53%
2 Southwest 18,106,000 30.29%
3 Frontier 7,090,000 11.86%
4 SkyWest 4,521,000 7.56%
5 Delta 3,170,000 5.30%
6 Other 8,641,000 14.46%


Features



Aesthetics




The Teflon-coated fiberglass roof of Denver International Airport resembles the Rocky Mountains


The Jeppesen Terminal's internationally recognized peaked roof, designed by Fentress Bradburn Architects, resembles snow-capped mountains and evokes the early history of Colorado when Native American teepees were located across the Great Plains. The catenary steel cable system, similar to the Brooklyn Bridge design supports the fabric roof. DIA is also known for a pedestrian bridge connecting the terminal to Concourse A that allows travelers to view planes taxiing beneath them and has views of the Rocky Mountains to the West and the high plains to the East.



Art


Both during construction and after opening, DIA has set aside a portion of its construction and operation budgets for art. Gargoyles hiding in suitcases are present above exit doors from baggage claims. The corridor from the main terminal and Concourse A usually contains additional temporary exhibits. Finally, a number of different public art works are present in the underground train that links the main terminal with concourses.



Blue Mustang


Main article: Blue Mustang

Blue Mustang, by El Paso born artist Luis Jiménez, was one of the earliest public art commissions for Denver International Airport in 1993. The 32-foot (9.8 m) tall Blue Mustang is a bright blue cast-fiberglass sculpture with glowing red eyes located between the inbound and outbound lanes of Peña Boulevard.[73] Jiménez was killed in 2006 at age 65 while creating the sculpture when part of it fell on him and severed an artery in his leg. At the time of his death, Jiménez had completed painting the head of the mustang. Blue Mustang was completed by others, and unveiled at the airport on February 11, 2008.[74] The statue has been the subject of considerable controversy, and has acquired the nickname Blucifer for its demonic appearance.[75][76]



Other




A statue of Jack Swigert in Concourse B


Other DIA Art Commissions have been awarded to artists Leo Tanguma, Gary Sweeney,[77] and Gary Yazzie.[78]


DIA's Art Collection was recently honored by the publishers of USA TODAY, for being of the ten best airports for public art[79] in the United States.


The airport also features a bronze statue of astronaut, Congressman-elect and Denver native Jack Swigert. Swigert, who flew on Apollo 13 as Command Module Pilot, was elected to the House of Representatives in 1982, but died of cancer before he was sworn in. The statue is dressed in an A7L pressure suit, and is posed holding a gold-plated helmet. It is a duplicate of a statue placed at the United States Capitol in 1997.[80]



Solar energy system


Denver International Airport currently has four solar photovoltaic arrays on airport property, with a total capacity of 10 megawatts or 16 million kilowatt-hours of solar electricity annually.[81]




Partial view of the solar farm under construction, leaving the airport, July 1, 2008.


Solar I

In mid 2008, Denver International Airport inaugurated a $13 million (equivalent to $15.1 million today) solar farm situated on 7.5 acres (330,000 sq ft; 30,000 m2) directly south of Jeppesen Terminal between Peña Boulevard's inbound and outbound lanes. The solar farm consists of more than 9,200 solar panels that follow the sun to maximize efficient energy production and generate more than 3.4 million kilowatt hours of electricity per year. Owned and run by a specialist independent energy company, Fotowatio Renewable Ventures, its annual output amounts to around 50% of the electricity required to operate the train system that runs between the airport's terminal and gate areas.[82] By using this solar-generated power, DEN will reduce its carbon emissions as much as five million pounds each year.


Solar II

In December 2009, a $7 million ($8.2 million today), 1.6-megawatt solar project on approximately nine acres (390,000 sq ft; 36,000 m2) north of the airport's airfield went into operation. The array is a project that involves MP2 Capital and Oak Leaf Energy Partners generating over 2.7 million kilowatt-hours of clean energy annually and provides approximately 100% of the airport's fuel farm's electricity consumption.[81]


Solar III

A third solar installation situated on 28 acres (1,200,000 sq ft; 110,000 m2), dedicated in July 2011, is a 4.4MW complex, expected to generate 6.9 million kilowatt-hours of energy. Intermountain Electric Inc. built the system, with solar panels provided by Yingli Green Energy. The power array will reportedly reduce CO2 emissions by 5,000 metric tons per year.


Solar IV

The airport added its fourth solar power array in June 2014. The $6 million system can generate up to 2MW, or 3.1 million kilowatt-hours of solar electricity annually. It is located north of the airfield and provides electricity directly to the Denver Fire Department's Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) Training Academy.[81]


Denver International Airport's four solar array systems now produce approximately six percent of the airport's total power requirements.[83] The output makes DEN the largest distributed generation photovoltaic energy producer in the state of Colorado,[84] and the second-largest solar array among U.S. airports.



Accidents and incidents



  • On September 5, 2001, a British Airways Boeing 777 caught on fire while it was being refueled at the gate. None of the deplaning passengers or crew were injured, but the refueler servicing the aircraft died from his injuries six days after the fire. The NTSB found that the accident occurred due to a failure of the aircraft's refueling ring when the fuel hose was torn out of it at an improper angle.[85]

  • On February 16, 2007, 14 aircraft suffered windshield failures within a three-and-a-half-hour period at the airport. A total of 26 windshields on these aircraft failed. The NTSB opened an investigation, determining that foreign object damage was the cause, possibly the sharp sand used earlier that winter for traction purposes combined with wind gusts of 48 mph (77 km/h).[86]

  • On December 20, 2008, a Continental Airlines Boeing 737-500 operating as Flight 1404 to Houston–Intercontinental Airport in Houston, TX, veered off the left side of runway 34R, and caught fire, during its takeoff roll at Denver International Airport. There was no snow or ice on the runway, however there were 31-knot (36 mph; 57 km/h) crosswinds at the time of the accident. On July 13, 2010 the NTSB published that the probable cause of this accident was the captain's cessation of right rudder input, which was needed to maintain directional control of the airplane. Of the 115 people on board, at least 38 sustained injuries: at least two of these injured critically.[87][88][89]

  • On April 3, 2012, an ExpressJet Embraer ERJ-145, registration N15973, operating as Flight UA/EV-5912 from Peoria, IL to Denver, was landing on 34R when the aircraft hit the approach lights and stopped on the runway. Smoke developed inside the aircraft and passengers were evacuated onto the runway. One passenger was taken to hospital for treatment of his injuries.[90]

  • On July 2, 2017, one of the engines on SkyWest Flight 5869, operating under the United Express brand name caught fire after landing from Aspen. All 59 passengers and 4 crew members were safely evacuated from the CRJ-700. No injuries were reported.[91]



Conspiracy theories and controversy



Conspiracy theories


There are several conspiracy theories relating to the airport's design and construction such as the runways being laid out in a shape similar to a swastika. Murals painted in the baggage claim area have been claimed to contain themes referring to future military oppression and a one-world government. However, the artist, Leo Tanguma, said the murals, titled In Peace and Harmony With Nature and The Children of the World Dream of Peace, depict man-made environmental destruction and genocide along with humanity coming together to heal nature and live in peace.[92]


Conspiracists have also seen unusual markings in the terminals in DIA and have recorded them as "Templar" markings.[93] They have pointed to unusual words cut into the floor as being Satanic, Masonic,[94] or some impenetrable secret code of the New World Order: Cochetopa, Sisnaajini and Dzit Dit Gaii. Two of these words are actually misspelled Navajo terms for geographical sites in Colorado. "Braaksma" and "Villarreal" are actually the names of Carolyn Braaksma and Mark Villarreal, artists who worked on the airport's sculptures and paintings.[95]


There is a dedication marker attributed to the "New World Airport Commission", an unknown or non-existent organization. The marker is also inscribed with the Square and Compasses of the Freemasons, along with a listing of the two Grand Lodges of Freemasonry in Colorado. It is mounted over a time capsule that was sealed during the dedication of the airport, to be opened in 2094.[96]


Robert Blaskiewicz writing for Skeptical Inquirer states that conspiracies about the airport range from the "absurd to the even more absurd". When asking airport media representatives about which conspiracies are associated with the airport, he was told: "You name a conspiracy theory and somehow we seem to be connected to it." Blaskiewicz found that contrary to claims from conspiracy theorists that DIA will not discuss these stories with the public, they also give tours of the airport.[97]


In 2018, the airport parodied the conspiracies themselves in a series of information and publicity boards, centered around the rebuild of the Great Hall, referencing the Illuminati, Reptilians and other strange goings-on.[98]



Land dispute


Denver and jurisdictions surrounding the airport are involved in a protracted dispute over how to develop land around the facility. Denver Mayor Michael Hancock wants to add commercial development around the airport, but officials in Adams County believe doing so violates the original agreement that allowed Denver to annex the land on which the airport sits.[99]



See also




  • Busiest airports in the United States by international passenger traffic

  • Busiest airports in the United States by total passenger boardings

  • List of airports in the Denver area

  • List of the busiest airports in the United States

  • Megaprojects and Risk: An Anatomy of Ambition

  • World's busiest airports by passenger traffic

  • World's busiest airports by traffic movements

  • World's busiest airports by cargo traffic

  • World's busiest airports by international passenger traffic



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External links












  • Denver International Airport, official site


  • FAA Airport Diagram (PDF), effective February 28, 2019

  • Resources for this airport:

    • AirNav airport information for KDEN

    • ASN accident history for DEN

    • FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker

    • NOAA/NWS latest weather observations

    • SkyVector aeronautical chart for KDEN

    • FAA current DEN delay information



  • Mysterious Murals and Monuments at the Denver Airport











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