Gymnophthalmidae



































Spectacled lizards

Leposoma rugiceps.jpg

Leposoma rugiceps

Scientific classification e
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Reptilia
Order:
Squamata
Superfamily:
Lacertoidea
Family:
Gymnophthalmidae
Fitzinger, 1826

Diversity

hundreds of species in 49 genera

Gymnophthalmidae is a family of lizards with at least 250 species, sometimes known as spectacled lizards or microteiids. They are called 'spectacled' because of their transparent lower eyelids, so they can still see with closed eyes. Like most lizards, but unlike geckos, these eyelids are movable. The Alopoglossidae have been recently moved from this family.




Contents






  • 1 Description and ecology


  • 2 Genera


  • 3 Footnotes


  • 4 References


  • 5 External links





Description and ecology


Spectacled lizards are related to the Teiidae, but they look like skinks (slightly more distant relatives) with smooth scales. They are generally small lizards; many species have reduced limbs. Unusually among lizards, however, it is generally the hind limbs that are reduced or absent, rather than the forelimbs.[1]


Gymnophthalmids live in a wide variety of habitats, from desert to mountain to rain forest, throughout Central America and South America. They are usually inhabitants of the forest floor or wet areas associated with tropical forests, either nocturnal or intermittently active throughout the day. Spectacled lizards eat mostly insects and other invertebrates, and all species lay eggs. Often they can be found under logs, rocks, or other debris or foraging for small invertebrate prey. Some species are able to dive to escape.[1]



Genera





  • Acratosaura (2 species)


  • Adercosaurus (monotypic)


  • Alexandresaurus (monotypic)


  • Amapasaurus (monotypic)


  • Anadia (18 species)


  • Andinosaura (11 species)


  • Anotosaura (2 species)


  • Arthrosaura (7 secies)


  • Bachia (25 species)


  • Calyptommatus (4 species)


  • Caparaonia (monotypic)


  • Cercosaura (15 species)


  • Colobodactylus (2 species)


  • Colobosaura (2 species)


  • Colobosauroides (2 species)


  • Dryadosaura (monotypic)


  • Echinosaura (8 species)


  • Ecpleopus (monotypic)


  • Euspondylus (11 species)


  • Gelanesaurus (2 species)


  • Gymnophthalmus (8 species)


  • Heterodactylus (3 species)


  • Iphisa (monotypic)


  • Kaieteurosaurus (monotypic)


  • Leposoma (6 species)


  • Loxopholis (13 species)[2]


  • Macropholidus (4 species)


  • Marinussaurus (monotypic)


  • Micrablepharus (2 species)


  • Neusticurus (6 species)


  • Nothobachia (monotypic)


  • Oreosaurus (6 species)


  • Pantepuisaurus (monotypic)


  • Petracola (4 species)


  • Pholidobolus (9 species)


  • Placosoma (4 species)


  • Potamites (6 species)


  • Procellosaurinus (2 species)


  • Proctoporus (17 species)


  • Psilops (3 species)


  • Rhachisaurus (monotypic)


  • Riama (15 species)


  • Riolama (4 species)


  • Rondonops (2 species)


  • Scriptosaura (monotypic)


  • Selvasaura (monotypic)


  • Stenolepis (monotypic)


  • Tretioscincus (3 species)


  • Vanzosaura (3 species)




Footnotes





  1. ^ ab Bauer (1998)


  2. ^ "Loxopholis ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.




References



  • .mw-parser-output .smallcaps{font-variant:small-caps}
    Bauer, Aaron M. (1998): [Gymnophthalmidae]. In:
    Cogger, H.G. & Zweifel, R.G. (eds.): Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians: 171. Academic Press, San Diego. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
    ISBN 0-12-178560-2


External links




  • Media related to Gymnophthalmidae at Wikimedia Commons

  • Mikko's Phylogeny Archive Gymnophthalmidae

  • http://www.jcvi.org/reptiles/families/gymnophthalmidae.php









-

Popular posts from this blog

Westermarck effect

Image
This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (November 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The Westermarck effect , or reverse sexual imprinting, is a hypothetical psychological effect through which people who live in close domestic proximity during the first few years of their lives become desensitized to sexual attraction. This phenomenon was first hypothesized by Finnish anthropologist Edvard Westermarck in his book The History of Human Marriage (1891) as one explanation for the incest taboo. Observations interpreted as evidence for the Westermarck effect have since been made in many places and cultures, including in the Israeli kibbutz system, and the Chinese Shim-pua marriage customs, as well as in biologically-related families. In the case of the Israeli kibbutzim (collective farms), children...
Read more

Orthodox Church in America

Image
For other uses, see Orthodox Church in America (disambiguation). Orthodox Church in America Recognition Autocephaly recognized by the Russian (since 1970), Bulgarian, Georgian, Polish, and Czech and Slovak Churches [1] Primate Metropolitan Tikhon (Mollard) [2] Headquarters Oyster Bay Cove, New York, United States Territory United States, Canada Possessions Mexico, formerly Australia and South America Language English, Church Slavonic, Spanish, Russian, Arabic, Koine Greek, Romanian, Bulgarian, Albanian Members 1 million adherents, [3] 90,000 (U.S. only) [a] [5] Bishops 14 [5] Parishes 700 [5] Monasteries 20 [5] Website oca.org Part of a series on the Eastern Orthodox Church Mosaic of Christ Pantocrator, Hagia Sophia Overview Structure Theology (History of theology) Liturgy Church history Holy Mysteries View of salvation View of Mary View of icons Background Crucifixion / Resurrection / Asc...
Read more

Italian cuisine

Image
"Italian restaurant" redirects here. For the television series, see Italian Restaurant. Some typical Italian gastronomic products in a window display in Imola Pizza is one of the world's most popular foods and a common fast food item Part of a series on the Culture of Italy History People Languages Traditions Mythology and folklore Mythology folklore Cuisine Festivals Religion Art Literature Music and performing arts Music Media Television Cinema Sport Monuments World Heritage Sites Symbols Flag Coat of arms Italy portal v t e Italian cuisine History Ancient Roman cuisine Medieval cuisine Early modern cuisine Contemporary cuisine Regional cuisines Apulian cuisine Lombard cuisine Neapolitan cuisine Roman cuisine Sicilian cuisine Venetian cuisine Cuisine of Abruzzo Cuisine of Sardinia Lists Chefs Dishes Pas...
Read more