29th United States Congress







































29th United States Congress


28th ←

→ 30th


Capitol1846.jpg

United States Capitol (1846)

March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1847
Senate President
George M. Dallas (D)
Senate President pro tem
Willie P. Mangum (W)
Ambrose H. Sevier (D)
David R. Atchison (D)
House Speaker
John W. Davis (D)
Members 58 senators
228 members of the House
2 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority Democratic
House Majority Democratic
Sessions

1st: December 1, 1845 – August 10, 1846
2nd: December 7, 1846 – March 3, 1847
Special: March 4, 1845 – March 20, 1845

The Twenty-ninth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1845, to March 4, 1847, during the first two years of James Polk's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.


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Contents






  • 1 Major events


  • 2 Major legislation


  • 3 Treaties


  • 4 States admitted


  • 5 Party summary


    • 5.1 Senate


    • 5.2 House of Representatives




  • 6 Leadership


    • 6.1 Senate


    • 6.2 House of Representatives




  • 7 Members


    • 7.1 Senate


      • 7.1.1 Alabama


      • 7.1.2 Arkansas


      • 7.1.3 Connecticut


      • 7.1.4 Delaware


      • 7.1.5 Florida


      • 7.1.6 Georgia


      • 7.1.7 Illinois


      • 7.1.8 Indiana


      • 7.1.9 Iowa


      • 7.1.10 Kentucky


      • 7.1.11 Louisiana


      • 7.1.12 Maine


      • 7.1.13 Maryland


      • 7.1.14 Massachusetts


      • 7.1.15 Michigan


      • 7.1.16 Mississippi


      • 7.1.17 Missouri


      • 7.1.18 New Hampshire


      • 7.1.19 New Jersey


      • 7.1.20 New York


      • 7.1.21 North Carolina


      • 7.1.22 Ohio


      • 7.1.23 Pennsylvania


      • 7.1.24 Rhode Island


      • 7.1.25 South Carolina


      • 7.1.26 Tennessee


      • 7.1.27 Texas


      • 7.1.28 Vermont


      • 7.1.29 Virginia




    • 7.2 House of Representatives


      • 7.2.1 Alabama


      • 7.2.2 Arkansas


      • 7.2.3 Connecticut


      • 7.2.4 Delaware


      • 7.2.5 Florida


      • 7.2.6 Georgia


      • 7.2.7 Illinois


      • 7.2.8 Indiana


      • 7.2.9 Iowa


      • 7.2.10 Kentucky


      • 7.2.11 Louisiana


      • 7.2.12 Maine


      • 7.2.13 Maryland


      • 7.2.14 Massachusetts


      • 7.2.15 Michigan


      • 7.2.16 Mississippi


      • 7.2.17 Missouri


      • 7.2.18 New Hampshire


      • 7.2.19 New Jersey


      • 7.2.20 New York


      • 7.2.21 North Carolina


      • 7.2.22 Ohio


      • 7.2.23 Pennsylvania


      • 7.2.24 Rhode Island


      • 7.2.25 South Carolina


      • 7.2.26 Tennessee


      • 7.2.27 Texas


      • 7.2.28 Vermont


      • 7.2.29 Virginia


      • 7.2.30 Non-voting members






  • 8 Changes in membership


    • 8.1 Senate


    • 8.2 House of Representatives




  • 9 Committees


    • 9.1 Senate


    • 9.2 House of Representatives


    • 9.3 Joint committees




  • 10 Employees


    • 10.1 Senate


    • 10.2 House of Representatives




  • 11 See also


  • 12 References


  • 13 External links





Major events




  • March 4, 1845: James K. Polk became President of the United States

  • October 10, 1845: The Naval School (later renamed the United States Naval Academy) opened in Annapolis, Maryland

  • December 2, 1845: President Polk announced to Congress that the Monroe Doctrine should be strictly enforced and that the United States should aggressively expand into the West.

  • April 25, 1846: Open conflict over border disputes of Texas's boundaries began the Mexican–American War



Major legislation




  • May 13, 1846: Mexican–American War declared, ch. 16, 9 Stat. 9

  • July 9, 1846: District of Columbia retrocession, ch. 35, 9 Stat. 35

  • July 30, 1846: Walker tariff, ch. 74, 9 Stat. 42



Treaties



  • June 15, 1846: Oregon Treaty established the 49th parallel as the border between the United States and Canada, from the Rocky Mountains to the Strait of Juan de Fuca

  • January 13, 1847: Treaty of Cahuenga ended the fighting in the Mexican–American War in California (not a formal treaty between nations but an informal agreement between rival military forces)



States admitted



  • December 29, 1845: Texas admitted as the 28th state

  • December 28, 1846: Iowa admitted as the 29th state



Party summary



Senate


During this congress, two Senate seats were added for each of the new states of Texas and Iowa.










































































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Liberty
(L)

Whig
(W)
Other

End of the previous congress

23

0

27

1
51
3

Begin

26

0

24

0

50
4
End 31 1 56 2
Final voting share 7001554000000000000♠55.4% 7000180000000000000♠1.8% 7001429000000000000♠42.9% 5000000000000000000♠0.0%
Beginning of the next congress

34

0

20

1
55
3


House of Representatives


During this congress, two House seats were added for each of the new states of Texas and Iowa.









































































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

American
(A)

Democratic
(D)

Whig
(W)
Other

End of the previous congress

0

141

78

4
223
1

Begin

6

138

79

0

223
2
End 143 78 227
Final voting share 7000260000000000000♠2.6% 7001630000000000000♠63.0% 7001344000000000000♠34.4% 5000000000000000000♠0.0%
Beginning of the next congress

1

107

116

3
227
1


Leadership




President of the Senate
George M. Dallas (D)


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Presidents pro tempore


Willie P. Mangum


Willie P. Mangum (D)
until March 4, 1845



Ambrose H. Sevier


Ambrose H. Sevier (D)
on December 27, 1845



David R. Atchison


David R. Atchison (D)
from August 8, 1846





Senate




  • President: George M. Dallas (D)


  • President pro tempore: Willie P. Mangum (W), until March 4, 1845


    • Ambrose Hundley Sevier (D), only on December 27, 1845


    • David R. Atchison (D), from August 8, 1846





House of Representatives



  • Speaker: John W. Davis (D)


Members


This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and Representatives are listed by district.


Skip to House of Representatives, below


Senate


Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, facing re-election in 1850; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1846; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1848.











House of Representatives


The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.












Changes in membership


The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.



Senate



  • replacements: 8


    • Democrats (D): no net change


    • Whigs (W): no net change



  • deaths: 3

  • resignations: 6

  • interim appointments: 1

  • seats of newly admitted states: 4

  • Total seats with changes: 14





































































































































State
(class)
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Florida
(1)
Vacant
Florida admitted to the Union at end of previous congress

David L. Yulee (D)
Elected July 1, 1845

Florida
(3)
Vacant
Florida admitted to the Union at end of previous congress

James Westcott (D)
Elected July 1, 1845

South Carolina
(2)
Vacant
Senator Daniel E. Huger resigned in previous congress.
Successor elected November 26, 1845.

John C. Calhoun (D)
Elected November 26, 1845

Virginia
(1)
Vacant
Failure to elect

Isaac S. Pennybacker (D)
Elected December 3, 1845

Mississippi
(2)

Robert J. Walker (D)
Resigned March 5, 1845, after being appointed U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
Successor appointed November 3, 1845.
Appointee was later elected on an unknown date.

Joseph W. Chalmers (D)
Appointed November 3, 1845

Pennsylvania
(3)

James Buchanan (D)
Resigned March 5, 1845, after being appointed U.S. Secretary of State

Simon Cameron (D)
Elected March 13, 1845

Massachusetts
(2)

Isaac C. Bates (W)
Died March 16, 1845

John Davis (W)
Elected March 24, 1845

Georgia
(2)

John M. Berrien (W)
Resigned May, 1845 when appointed to the Georgia Supreme Court

John M. Berrien (W)
Elected November 13, 1845

New Hampshire
(2)

Levi Woodbury (D)
Resigned November 20, 1845, to become Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court

Benning W. Jenness (D)
Appointed December 1, 1845

Texas
(1)
Texas admitted to the Union December 29, 1845, and remained vacant until February 21, 1846

Thomas J. Rusk (D)
Elected February 21, 1846

Texas
(2)
Texas admitted to the Union December 29, 1845, and remained vacant until February 21, 1846

Sam Houston (D)
Elected February 21, 1846

New Hampshire
(2)

Benning W. Jenness (D)
Lost election to finish the term.
Winner elected June 13, 1846.

Joseph Cilley (L)
Elected June 13, 1846

North Carolina
(3)

William H. Haywood, Jr. (D)
Resigned July 25, 1846, after having refused to be instructed by the North Carolina state legislature on a tariff question

George E. Badger (W)
Elected November 25, 1846

South Carolina
(3)

George McDuffie (D)
Resigned August 17, 1846.
Successor appointed December 4, 1846, and subsequently elected to finish the term.

Andrew Butler (D)
Seated December 4, 1846

Iowa
(2)
Iowa admitted to the Union December 28, 1846
Vacant
Not filled this term

Iowa
(3)
Iowa admitted to the Union December 28, 1846
Vacant
Not filled this term

Louisiana
(2)

Alexander Barrow (W)
Died December 29, 1846

Pierre Soulé (D)
Elected January 21, 1847

Virginia
(1)

Isaac S. Pennybacker (D)
Died January 12, 1847

James M. Mason (D)
Elected January 21, 1847


House of Representatives



  • replacements: 12


    • Democrats (D): 1 seat net gain


    • Whigs (W): 1 seat net loss



  • deaths: 5

  • resignations: 6

  • contested election: 1

  • seats of newly admitted states: 4

  • Total seats with changes: 17



















































































































































District
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Florida At-large
Vacant
Florida admitted to the Union at end of previous congress

Edward C. Cabell (W)
Seated October 6, 1845

Georgia 3rd
Vacant
Rep-elect Washington Poe declined the seat

George W. Towns (D)
Seated January 5, 1846

Texas 1st
Texas admitted into the Union December 29, 1845, and seat remained vacant until March 30, 1846

David S. Kaufman (D)
Seated March 30, 1846

Texas 2nd
Texas admitted into the Union December 29, 1845, and seat remained vacant until March 30, 1846

Timothy Pilsbury (D)
Seated March 30, 1846

New Jersey 2nd

Samuel G. Wright (W)
Died July 30, 1845

George Sykes (D)
Seated November 4, 1845

Louisiana 1st

John Slidell (D)
Resigned November 10, 1845, after being appointed Minister to Mexico, but government refused to accept him

Emile La Sére (D)
Seated January 29, 1846

Tennessee 8th

Joseph H. Peyton (W)
Died November 11, 1845

Edwin H. Ewing (W)
Seated January 2, 1846

Virginia 11th

William Taylor (D)
Died January 17, 1846

James McDowell (D)
Seated March 6, 1846

Florida At-large

Edward C. Cabell (W)
Lost contested election January 24, 1846

William H. Brockenbrough (D)
Seated January 24, 1846

Mississippi At-large

Jefferson Davis (D)
Resigned some time in June, 1846 in order to take part in the Mexican War

Henry T. Ellett (D)
Seated January 26, 1847

New York 12th

Richard P. Herrick (W)
Died June 20, 1846

Thomas C. Ripley (W)
Seated December 17, 1846

Arkansas At-large

Archibald Yell (D)
Resigned July 1, 1846, in order to take part in the Mexican War

Thomas W. Newton (W)
Seated February 6, 1847

Missouri At-large

Sterling Price (D)
Resigned August 12, 1846, in order to take part in the Mexican War

William McDaniel (D)
Seated December 7, 1846

Alabama 3rd

William L. Yancey (D)
Resigned September 1, 1846

James L. Cottrell (D)
Seated December 7, 1846

Alabama 7th

Felix G. McConnell (D)
Died September 10, 1846

Franklin W. Bowdon (D)
Seated December 7, 1846

Iowa Territory At-large

Augustus C. Dodge (D)
Territory was dissolved after Iowa was admitted to the Union December 28, 1846

Iowa At-large
Iowa admitted into the Union December 28, 1846

S. Clinton Hastings (D)
Seated December 28, 1846

Iowa At-large
Iowa admitted into the Union December 28, 1846

Shepherd Leffler (D)
Seated December 28, 1846

Illinois 7th

Edward D. Baker (W)
Resigned January 15, 1847, in order to take part in the Mexican War

John Henry (W)
Seated February 5, 1847

Illinois 5th

Stephen A. Douglas (D)
Resigned March 3, 1847, at close of congress after being elected to the US Senate
Vacant
Not filled this term


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders.



Senate



  • Agriculture

  • Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate


  • Charges of Corruption Contained in the Daily Times (Select)

  • Claims

  • Commerce


  • Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)

  • District of Columbia

  • Finance

  • Foreign Relations


  • French Spoilations (Select)

  • Indian Affairs


  • International Copyright Law (Select)

  • Judiciary

  • Manufactures


  • Memorial on W.T.G. Morton (Select)


  • Memphis Convention (Select)

  • Military Affairs

  • Militia

  • Naval Affairs


  • Ordnance and War Ships (Select)

  • Patents and the Patent Office

  • Pensions

  • Post Office and Post Roads

  • Printing

  • Private Land Claims

  • Public Buildings and Grounds

  • Public Lands

  • Retrenchment

  • Revolutionary Claims

  • Roads and Canals


  • Tariff Regulation (Select)

  • Territories


  • Smithsonian Institution (Select)

  • Whole



House of Representatives



  • Accounts

  • Agriculture

  • Claims

  • Commerce

  • District of Columbia

  • Elections

  • Engraving

  • Expenditures in the Navy Department

  • Expenditures in the Post Office Department

  • Expenditures in the State Department

  • Expenditures in the Treasury Department

  • Expenditures in the War Department

  • Expenditures on Public Buildings

  • Foreign Affairs

  • Indian Affairs

  • Invalid Pensions

  • Manufactures

  • Mileage

  • Military Affairs

  • Militia

  • Naval Affairs

  • Patents

  • Post Office and Post Roads

  • Public Buildings and Grounds

  • Public Expenditures

  • Public Lands

  • Revisal and Unfinished Business

  • Revolutionary Claims

  • Roads and Canals


  • Rules (Select)

  • Standards of Official Conduct

  • Territories

  • Ways and Means

  • Whole



Joint committees



  • Enrolled Bills

  • Smithsonian Bequest



Employees



  • Librarian of Congress: John Silva Meehan


Senate




  • Chaplain:


    • Septimus Tustin (Presbyterian)


    • Henry Slicer (Methodist), elected December 16, 1846




  • Secretary: Asbury Dickens


  • Sergeant at Arms:


    • Edward Dyer, died September 8, 1845


    • Robert Beale, elected December 9, 1845





House of Representatives




  • Chaplain:


    • William H. Milburn (Methodist)


    • William T.S. Sprole (Presbyterian), elected December 7, 1846




  • Clerk: Benjamin B. French


  • Doorkeeper: Cornelius C. Whitney


  • Postmaster: John M. Johnson


  • Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]


  • Sergeant at Arms: Newton Lane



See also




  • United States elections, 1844 (elections leading to this Congress)

    • United States presidential election, 1844

    • United States Senate elections, 1844 and 1845

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1844




  • United States elections, 1846 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)

    • United States Senate elections, 1846 and 1847

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1846





References






  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.



External links



  • Statutes at Large, 1789–1875

  • Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

  • House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

  • Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

  • U.S. House of Representatives: House History

  • U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists


  • Congressional Directory for the 29th Congress, 1st Session.


  • Congressional Directory for the 29th Congress, 2nd Session.









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